Aplicación de mucilago de semillas de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en el control de malezas

Abstract

The objective of the present research was to evaluate the physical-chemical composition and phytotoxicity of the mucilage or cocoa beetle + biol of leaves as natural herbicides, on the different post-emergence species in 30-day weeds, the physico-chemical composition of the Cacao mucilage has positive results consisting of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins and sterols which has been reported as natural bioherbicides (Manjarrez et al., 2010). The test was established under a completely randomized block design, consisting of three replicates each with 9 plots in a total of 27 plots of (1.50mx 1.50m), the net plot of (0.5mx 0.5m) being within the The variables were evaluated; The percentage of cover, weed height in cm, control by species where 28 species belonging to 15 families were determined,% of mortality control and finally the weight of amount of green biomass in grams unlike the control, Factors studied were : TO). Concentration of herbicides (H1 = mucilage of pure cocoa and H2 = mixture of mucilage of cocoa + biol of leaves in proportion of 50% each); B). Application rate (100% and 50%); And C). Number of herbicide applications (A1 0 days and A2 0 and 8 days). Of the different concentrations, the most affected were weeds (<30 days), the analysis of variance established statistical differences where, the results obtained indicate the mortality of weeds at 8 days, presented a greater value of 88.67 plants in the treatment of 100% pure cocoa baba with two applications (H1D1A2), and the similar value was 50% cocoa bean treatment with two applications (H1D2A2) with 76.58 plants, comparing with the control (without cocoa bean) Which had a mortality of 34.91 plants. Meanwhile weed mortality at 15 days, the highest value reported are treatments of 100% pure cocoa bean with two applications (H1D1A2) and 50% cocoa bean with two applications (H1D2A2), with 95.58 and 94.67 dead plants respectively, sharing the range also is the treatment conformed by 100% cocoa bean with a single application (H1D1A1) with 81.42 plants of mortality; The control (without cocoa bean) recorded 40.81 dead plants which is only about 50% of the treatments mentioned above.