Estudio de la resistencia a compresión del adobe artesanal estabilizado con paja, estiércol, savia de penca de tuna, sangre de toro y análisis de su comportamiento sísmico usando un modelo a escala

Abstract

The present research shows experimental results of the resistance to compression of artisan adobes made with clay extracted from the Pusuchisí neighborhood of the canton Latacunga - Ecuador and stabilized with different materials such as: straw, cow dung, tuna's sap and bull blood; for this analysis 10 combinations were made with the mentioned materials. In those cases where the combination was based on sap from tuna or bull's blood, in order to avoid blood clotting and desiccation of the sap of tuna palm, the mixture should be allowed to rest in a traditional way and to add to the same said stabilizers at the time of the elaboration of the adobes. Six samples of each combination were made, which were elaborated of form and dimensions according to the Proyecto de Actualización Norma E.080, in addition they were tried according to the same one. From this experimental work it was possible to determine that the combination made with mud plus the addition of stabilizers such as bull's blood and cow dung obtained the greatest resistance to compression. In addition, scale models were made with the adobes that reached the highest resistance to compression the same ones were made with mud plus the addition of bull's blood and cow dung, one of them was reinforced with plastic mesh and later its behavior before the action of dynamic load in the vibrating table of the FICM, demonstrating that these models realized with organic material and that follow a constructive process in agreement with the Normative and Peruvian Manuals in force, confer structural stability and security. Finally, the construction of a scale model with the adobes that reached the greatest resistance to compression and that was reinforced with plastic mesh, allows us to say that this technique is effective to build with earth, since the model obtained an excellent seismic performance, fulfilling thus ensuring the occupants' life safety objectives and preventing collapse of the structure.