Elaboración de un mapa de ruido ambiental para la Unidad Desconcentrada de Terminales, Área de Transferencia América y Cashapamba de la ciudad de Ambato, siguiendo los lineamientos de la norma ISO 1996-2:2007 en convenio con el GAD Municipaldad de Ambato

Abstract

The present work consisted in the monitoring of sound pressure levels within the 3 terrestrial terminals in the city of Ambato in order to know the generated environmental noise and its graphical representation through a Geographic Information System ArcGIS 10.3. In order to establish the points of measurement, important aspects were taken into account such as the development in the vehicular traffic, area and distribution of bus platforms, inputs and outputs of each terminal. It was established the division by zones in the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit with a total of 72 points, 26 points for the America’s Transfer Area and 29 points in the Cashapamba’s Transfer Area. The guidelines described in ISO 1996-2: 2007 for the determination of environmental noise levels were applied and these results were compared with the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA) that according to the land use, the analyzed areas are considered as mixed commercial zones with an equivalent sound pressure level of 65 decibels (dB) at the corresponding time of 6:00 am. - 20:00 pm, obtaining higher and lower values in relation to said value. The high noise levels were manifested within the first week of measurement for all analyzed terminals, being thus the Arrival Area of Units belonging to the Desconcentrated Terminal Unit where was generated a value of 72dB, while for the Areas of Transfers Cashapamba and América were 68dB and 69dB respectively, showing that these values exceed the limit allowed by TULSMAN evidencing significant differences for each terminal.