Análisis de la cáscara de cacao como filtro en el tratamiento de aguas residuales provenientes de las industrias de lácteos Salinerito de la ciudad de Guaranda

Abstract

The present experimental work has a purpose design and build a bio filter prototype with cocoa shell, for the treatment of sewage water coming of the dairy industry. The bio filter was built with metallic structure and plastic containers and biodegradable material as cocoa shell. The general scheme of filtration was to use a container of 55 gal for the storage of sewage water and that remains functional until its later filling with a height difference of the container with the filtrant material of 1m that contained a 55 lt of cocoa shell, with similar properties of the activated coal, absorption, that helped to the depuration of sewage water coming from the dairy industry. The experimentation process was done during a lapse of 90 days with a ten analyzed samples. The data collection was done before and after of the filtration for stablish the changes. For the analysis of the chemical changes it was proceeded to take samples and carry those to the laboratory with a maximum of two hours for not disturb the results In base the results, we have the following: DBO5 is of 86.70%, DQO is of 85.27% and the oils and grease 33.54%, that allowed to determine design criteria and determine that the cocoa shell has and high depuration efficiency of sewage water coming from the dairy industry Salinerito, moreover that the biodegradability index is 0.47 that shows that the spill is totally organic