Estudio de calidad superficial y desgaste de herramientas en el proceso de rectificado plano sobre hierro fundido

Abstract

The main objective of this experimental work is to study the surface quality of the cast iron and wear of the tools, silicon carbide stone and aluminum oxide in the grinding process of flat surfaces on the cast iron material with the different parameters that influence these processes. These two tools were used since they are those that exist in the national market and those that meet the requirements to perform this type of machining. The tool of silicon carbide has dimensions of 125x60x15 mm and with a hardness of 50 HRC, and the grinding wheel of aluminum oxide with dimensions of 110x60x20 mm and with a hardness of 60 HRC. The machine in which the experiments were carried out was the machine for rectifying flat surfaces of motors (headstocks) of Chinese origin, model 3M. 18 experiments were carried out with different cutting parameters with the tool of silicon carbide, of the same way we performed 18 remaining experiments with the aluminum oxide tool, taking a total of 36 experiments for both roughness and wear. The parameters that have significance in the surface roughness is the type of tool used, while for wear is the speed of advance of the work table. Finally, the surface roughness (Ra) obtained in the cast iron head was measured with a Mitutoyo SJ210 rugosimeter under the ISO 1997 standard, with which it was possible to determine that the roughness level is lower with the silicon carbide tool than with the aluminum oxide tool. The highest roughness value was 3,000 μm with the aluminum oxide abrasive wheel and the lowest value was 1,008 μm with the silicon carbide abrasive wheel. We also measured the wear (G) of the same tools obtained with the scale KERN model FKB301A with a sensitivity of 0.1 g, in the same way the highest value of wear was 69.19 with a feed rate of 13000 mm / min and the lowest value was 17,05 with a feed rate of 20,000 mm / min.