Diseño y construcción de una turbobomba con turbina Peltón

Abstract

This technical project focuses on the design, construction and operation tests of a turbo-pump, which consists of a pelton-type turbine and a diaphragm pump. The project was designed with the purpose of pumping water at high altitudes without the use of electric power or fuel to make the pump works, instead of it; with the use of the potential energy that water acquires in level changes (waterfalls). In the theoretical and analytical part, the diaphragm pump was selected and the pelton turbine was designed according to the operating ranges of the pump like the input power and the revolutions per minute which it works. Besides, the other important parameter for the design is the height that served to determine the flow rate necessary to obtain the input power of the pump and the theoretical speed of the jet exit from the nozzle to the contact with the vanes. The main components: the vanes and the injector were calculated and designed in relation to the jet diameter of the injector nozzle. The machine was built with corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel for the structure, impeller, axles and injector, while the vanes used bronze function due to its corrosion resistance, modifiable material and economic cost. During the start-up, the graphs of power vs. flow, revolutions per minute of the turbine vs flow and pumping height vs pumping flow were obtained, those graphs were used to obtain the operating parameters of the turbo-pump.