Comportamiento agronómico de bulbos de azafrán (crocus sativus l.). en diferentes sustratos

Abstract

The trial was conducted in the Province: Tungurahua, Canton: Ambato, Parish: Huachi Chico. On the property of the Flores Family, located 10 km south of the city, located at a length of 78 ° 37'50 ", and a latitude of 1 ° 16'59" and an altitude of 2572 masl; with the objective of: determining the agronomic behavior of the saffron bulbs in substrates: peat and coconut fiber and the 50% combination of the aforementioned substrates, besides establishing the adequate management of the saffron crop (Crocus sativus L. ) under climatic conditions of the Ambato canton Huachi Chico parish. The treatments were 3; Treatment 1 (T1 bulbs planted in 100% coconut fiber), Treatment 2 (T2 bulbs planted in 100% peat) and Treatment 3 (T3 bulbs planted with 50% coconut fiber + 50% peat). The experimental design was used completely at random. With three treatments and 10 repetitions. The Tukey test at 5% significance was used to compare average treatments. The results and observations obtained in the test, show that Crocus sativus saffron cultivation can be carried out under the climatic conditions of the Ambato canton, since it was adapted to the humidity and temperature conditions. The combination of coconut fiber and peat gave the substrate greater capacity for aeration, drainage, promoted a rapid and healthy development of both the aerial part and the root system, reporting the plants that developed under these conditions: better plant height, both at 30 days (3.12 cm), and at 60 days (7.09 cm), at 90 days (10.48 cm), at 120 days (17.69 cm) and at 160 days (24, 51 cm) of the planting, an average of 161.5 days at flowering and an average of 12.3 days at emergence. The percentage of emergence and number of flowers per plant were not directly linked to the use of substrates, these variables are subject to the caliber of bulbs and rupture of dormancy, phytosanitary status. The use of substrates had no impact on the emergency rate but it did provide an adequate environment for its development.