Determinación de los parámetros de corte láser por CO2 en el acero ASTM A500 y la aleación HSLA ASTM a1011 grado 50 y su incidencia en la rugosidad superficial, dureza del material y efecto térmico para aplicaciones en la industria metalmecánica

Abstract

The industry in the country has a great growth so that one of the main problem is the continuous improvement of the processes, including cutting, it must be more precise and with a better quality. Therefore, the objective of the investigation is to analyze the laser cutting and how it influences the surface quality and the thermal effect on ASTM A500 and HSLA A1011 Gr 50 steels that are used in the metalworking industry.

An experimental analysis was developed based on a factorial design, together with the characterization and the tests it was established that the most influential parameter in the investigation is the type of cutting and the material, so it has an adequate surface roughness value is 1.96µm in HSLA Steel that is in agreedment with the standard ISO 1302: 2002 quality for frequent applications, the temperature during the process is 275.6 grades C causing an increasement in hardness of 48.4HV which is than A500 Steel.

In addition, quality of the cutting was established qualitatively by determining the surface topography using the scanning electron microscope SEM, as well as the simulation of the thermal effect on the material during the process, in this way corroborating the experimentation. Through the investigation, the appropriate laser cutting parameters were determined, which are a Power of 650W and a Speed of 3.0m/min.