Evaluación de dos extractos como inhibidores en el desarrollo de Fusarium oxysporum in vitro

Abstract

The present research aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity in vitro horsetail (Equisetum sp) and hot mustard (Synapsis alba) against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. The test was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in the Plant Health Laboratory belonging to the Technical University of Ambato. In the experiment for the preparation of the extracts, the extraction method by maceration was used. For the isolation and purification of the fungal material, it had several phases of which we will mention below; It was extracted from diseased plants, a humid chamber was carried out, sowing in Potato-Dextrose Agar (PDA) and incubated at 25 ± 2 ˚C and 70% humidity. A factorial arrangement (3x2 + 2) arranged in a Completely Random Design (DBCA) was made with three repetitions and with 5 boxes as a factor under study where the response variables were recorded, such as the percentage of mycelial inhibition and mycelial growth,

The best results were obtained in the E2D3 and E1D3 treatments (hot mustard extract and 10% horsetail) where inhibition of 62.4% and 67.0% respectively was achieved. Compared with the commercial control (Tebuconazole + Trifloxystrobin) that obtained 100% inhibition 144 hours after taking the information. On the other hand, the growth of Fusarium oxysporum showed greater development when the concentrations of horsetail and hot mustard extracts decreased to 5%, obtaining an average growth of 6.12 mm and 5.88 mm respectively.

In this way, it was concluded that the extracts have antifungal properties thanks to the presence of glucosilonates in mustard and the presence of silicic acid in horsetail, which act against Fusarium oxysporum, being considered an environmentally friendly alternative of ecological control. avoiding the indiscriminate use of chemical fungicides that cause damage to human health.