Caracterización mecánica del material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra natural de totora (Schoenoplectus Californicus) y su posible aplicación en la industria

Abstract

This research project was based on defining the mechanical properties through the characterization of the composite material of Polyester resin and natural reed fiber, with a configuration of continuous fiber distributed longitudinally, in addition three different volumetric fractions were established (90 percent matrix10 percent fiber, 80 percent matrix-20 percent reinforcement, 70 percent matrix 30 percent reinforcement) that correspond to the percentage of the matrix and reinforcement respectively, in order to determine the composite material with the best mechanical performance based on its volumetric fraction . The density of the fiber was determined using the gravimetric method, giving us a density of 0.19 grams / cubic centimeter and a manual stratification was also used for the preparation of the test tubes. For the mechanical characterization, three mechanical tests were carried out: traction, bending and impact, these were carried out under the ASTM D3039, ASTM D7464, ASTM D5628 Standards, respectively. Manual stratification was used to make the specimens, in a mold made of ASTM-A36 structural steel. With the data obtained from the tensile, bending and impact tests, it was determined that the composite material with a volumetric fraction of 70 percent of polyester resin polymer matrix and 30 percent of reed fiber reinforcement presents the best mechanical properties with the following values: a maximum tensile stress of 14.41MPa, Modulus of elasticity of 1036.598MPa, Maximum flexural stress of 71.51MPa, Flexural modulus of 10941.27MPa, and Impact energy of 0.23J