Evaluación de extractos vegetales en el control de Bactericera cockerelli en tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum), utilizando el método de termonebulización

Abstract

Solanaceae currently is threatened commonly known as paratrioza or psyllid, belonging the order Hemiptera which transmit a phytoplasma into the young leaves of tree tomato. This bacterium-like organism presents symptoms such as fruit deformation, a yellowish discoloration in the plant, once this phytoplasma reaches the root, the plant begins to dry out. Due to the current problems, various factors of biological control have been presented, generating a friendly result with the environment, for which plant extracts are one of the alternatives to be used as bactericides, insecticidal fungicides, nematicides. Plants such as ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) are one of the most used to make extracts as insecticides due to their properties and benefits related. Given the importance that this pest has taken on in cultivation, the effect of aqueous plant extracts on the control of paratrioza (Bactericera cockerelli) in tree tomato crops (Solanum betaceum) was evaluated using the thermospray method. The percentage of mortality of eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli was significantly higher by the application of the T4 extract (Garlic + ginger + chili), while the rest of the extracts used had lower pest mortality. The application of different concentrations of extracts did not show significant statistical differences, however, greater mortality of B. cockerelli can be seen when applying higher concentrations of the T4 extract, which is the one that presented the best results. The application method by thermospray in the control of B. cockerelli. It is appropriate since a very high percentage of mortality was obtained with the appropriate extract. The T4 extract (Garlic + ginger + chili), showed higher mortality in eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli, so it could be used as an alternative to the use of traditional agrochemicals and could be considered in an integrated management program of this plague.