Determinación del tiempo de duración de las fases fenológicas del cultivo de col (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. blanca)

Abstract

The present research work was carried out with the purpose of determining the crop cycle of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) var. white, the research was conducted at Granja Experimental Docente Querochaca owned by the Technical University of Ambato, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, located in the canton of Cevallos, province of Tungurahua. Its geographical coordinates are 01° 22'00" South and 78° 35' 00" West, with an altitude of 2 865 metres above sea level. The research is of an experimental, bibliographic and descriptive nature and therefore does not contain a hypothesis or treatments. The data were taken quantitatively and qualitatively, counting the days of duration of each phenological stage according to the parameters established in appendices by the FAO. This study provides information that helps to optimise the technical management of the cabbage crop, providing information on the duration of each phenological stage, crop coefficient and root depth in order to establish the crop's evapotranspiration, irrigation sheets, frequency and irrigation calendar. As a result, it was obtained that the cabbage cycle is 126 days, concluding that the duration of the first stage or initial stage was (30 days), the second stage or commercial maturity stage (96 days), at which time the crop is harvested. The crop coefficient (Kc) was obtained from the different phenological stages of the crop: Kc of the initial stage 0.70, Kc, of the commercial maturity stage between 0.70 and 1.05. As for the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of cabbage, taking into account the meteorological characteristics of the Granja Experimental Docente Querochaca, a total of 230.06 mm/cycle was obtained