Evaluación de dosis de NPK-Ca en la producción de arveja (Pisum sativum var. Quantum)

Abstract

At present, the pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the favorite legumes to cultivate in the Andes of Ecuador due to its short cycle duration, it is also appreciated for its flavor and high nutritional value. Due to the increase in fertilizers, it is necessary to avoid unequivocal applications, for this reason, the purpose of the investigation was to determine the most appropriate levels and time of fertilization, so as to guarantee the best performance of the pea crop. This research work was carried out on open field land without irrigation in the El Placer farmhouse belonging to the Quero canton of the Tungurahua province. The study factors used for this research were: D1 (58-35-9- 9 Kg NPK-Ca ha-1 ), D2 (199-5-39-83 kg NPK-Ca ha-1 ) and D3 (128-20-24-45 Kg NPK-Ca ha-1 ), applied in a fertilization season at 20 and 45 days after sowing (E1), and at 20, 45 and 60 days after sowing (E2). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, with a total of 7 treatments (3x2+1) with 3 repetitions, additionally, in the research work the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences between treatments and the Tukey test with a significance of 5% to compare the means of the treatments. According to the statistical analyzes carried out, it was possible to verify that the treatment with the most efficient results was the D3 dose (128-20-24-45 Kg NPK-Ca ha-1 ) in combination with the E1 fertilization season (at 20 and 45 days after sowing) where average values of 38.33 pods.plant-1 , 9.18 cm of pod length, 8.3 grains.pod-1 and 7301.59 Kg.ha-1 of crop yield, however, in the variables days to flowering and days to harvest there are no statistical differences. It is worth mentioning that only in the variable height of the plant, the treatment with the dose D2 (199-5-39-83 Kg NPK-Ca ha-1 ) together with the fertilization season E1 (at 20 and 45 days after the planting) took advantage achieving an average of 53.53 cm.