Sistema electrónico de monitoreo y control para la prevención de heladas en cultivos de mora, utilizando la Arquitectura IoT.

Abstract

In this thesis project, an electronic monitoring and control system for frost prevention in blackberry crops was developed using IoT architecture to mitigate the real-time effects caused by frost, thanks to sensors for relative humidity, soil moisture, ambient temperature, and solar radiation that allow monitoring the climatic conditions of the crops and with this data, the control system can act in a timely manner avoiding damage to the plots if necessary. The design of the system includes stages of detection, communication, user interface, control, and actuator; in each stage, easily acquired and easy-to-maintain electronic devices were used, allowing the development of a reliable system with correct operation and low cost. The system was developed using WiFi technology for its range, data transmission and reception, and for being a technology present in most homes. To obtain information on environmental variables, the detection stage includes a humidity and temperature sensor for the measurement of soil moisture. All data is captured by the ESP32s and sent to a Google Cloud application server, which was developed on a Red Hat 8 Enterprise operating system that contains a LAMP stack that allows us to store, manage, and visualize the data sent by the system in real-time. Lastly, the system sends alerts through WhatsApp. The system continuously monitors the climatic conditions of the crop, and upon detecting a temperature drop below 4°C and low humidity, the control system takes action, consisting of a sprinkler irrigation system that simulates rain, allowing control of the ambient temperature and humidity, and at the same time.