Hipoacusia inducida por ruido ocupacional (revisión de la literatura)

Abstract

Occupational noise is one of the most common occupational hazards worldwide, hearing loss is considered a prevalent sensory disability in health caused by continuous exposure to high levels of noise by workers. Around 600 million workers are exposed to harmful levels of noise worldwide. Around 600 million workers are exposed to harmful levels of noise around the world. Exposure to loud noise can result in a temporary threshold shift or a permanent threshold shift, continuous exposure to excessive noise causes poor transm ission of high and low frequency sounds to the brain, also blood flow to the cochlea may be deficient. In addition to the direct damage that occurs in the auditory system, noise can cause psychological and physiological disorders to the patient; Tinnitus, which is the subjective sensation of sound, is an effect of prolonged exposure to noise that can be more bothersome for people compared to hearing loss. Primary prevention based on regulations and worker education combined with proper hearing protection are the first lines of defense.