Sinusitis y el uso de corticoides: riesgos y beneficios. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Sinusitis is one of the most common pathologies in children and adults, characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of one or more paranasal sinuses. 70% have spontaneous resolution, however, symptomatic, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment are key points for the resolution of the pathology in all its forms. With the latter, the use of corticosteroids has been studied for its inhibitory effects on proinflammatory cytokines in the body. Therefore, its use is common in different specialties and highly controversial in the resolution of sinusitis. Objectives: To carry out a bibliographic search about the treatment of sinusitis through the use of corticosteroids, emphasizing their risks and benefits. Methodology: It is a qualitative retrospective descriptive study, for which a search was carried out on different scientific platforms, such as: SciFinder, Dialnet, Directory of Open Access, Scielo, among others for research use. Results: An exhaustive screening of the collected articles (25) was carried out, which, through inclusion and exclusion criteria, revealed the most relevant findings of each of them on the use of corticosteroids and sinusitis. Conclusions: The use of nasal corticosteroids in conjunction with antibiotic treatment has been observed significant improvements in relation to its symptoms. Among the adverse effects, it has been shown that they are especially local, such as epistaxis and ulcers of the nasal septum. There is no evidence to support a significant difference in the use of one nasal corticosteroid or another.