Elaboración de andamios biológicos a partir de polímeros naturales recubiertos con extracto de Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth)

Abstract

The skin, being the largest organ in the body, is highly susceptible to damage from accidents and injuries, leading to tissue compromise. In certain cases, cell regeneration necessitates transplantation. In this context, tissue engineering and advancements in regenerative medicine have explored the potential of biological scaffolds. However, in Ecuador, the use of herbal extracts is limited due to unexplored knowledge and underutilization of the country's rich diversity of plant species. Among these valuable resources lies Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth), an endemic species with antioxidant and angiogenic properties, holding promise for wound healing applications. The focus of this study was on the fabrication of scaffolds containing C. tomentosum (Kunth) extract at concentrations of 50 and 100 micrograms per milliliter, with collagen-chitosan hybrid scaffolds serving as controls. The extract underwent qualitative and microbiological tests to ensure its quality. The lyophilization technique preserved the 3D structure of the scaffolds while retaining the secondary metabolites of the extract, a finding corroborated through scanning electron microscopy images. Comprehensive evaluations of morphological, physical, and biological properties were conducted. Among the tested scaffolds, the one with 50 micrograms per milliliter of extract exhibited the most promising characteristics in terms of percentage and pore size. Moreover, it demonstrated favorable mechanical properties that ensure support after transplantation. Additionally, its biodegradability and antimicrobial properties against S. aureus make it a compelling candidate for application in epithelial wound healing.