Efecto antimicrobiano y cicatrizante de los extractos de llantén (Plantago major L.) y manzanilla (Matricaria chamomilla L.) en orquiectomía en cerdos

Abstract

Bacterial resistance, less adverse effects and economic cost redirect the search for natural therapies. In this research the objective was to compare the antimicrobial and healing effect of plantain (Plantago major L.) and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) extracts on surgical wounds from orchiectomy in pigs. Plant extracts were obtained by evaporating the solvent. Three treatments were used, the first group (T1) was treated with plantain extract, the second group (T2) with chamomile extract and the control group (T3) with topical gentamicin. The healing process was assessed by means of the PUSH and OSAS scales, while the microbial load was evaluated by means of the CFU/cm2 count. Statistical tests such as Kruskall Wallis, Tukey at 5% and Pearson Chi-square were used for data analysis. The bacteria identified in the orchiectomy wounds were Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. The parameters evaluated on the PUSH scale determine numerically that the use of T1 is favorable in the healing process and statistically not significant with T1, T2 and T3. While the surface area and flexibility assessed on the OSAS scale improve significantly with the use of T1 in the healing process. Regarding the antimicrobial effect, the use of T1, T2 and T3 reduced the bacterial load from 151 200 CFU/ cm2 to 72 450 CFU/ cm2. Statistically, it is not significant; however, with the use of T1 the reduction is less, going from 166 950 CFU/ cm2 to 73 500 CFU/ cm2