Factores de riesgo y signos de alarma asociados al suicidio

Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is the second cause of death in Ecuador, according to the INEC the statistics of death by suicide in adolescents from 10 to 19 years old is 13.1% because this stage brings with it physical and psychological changes causing drastic behavior changes, which are influenced by factors and signs associated with suicide. Objective: To determine the risk factors and warning signs associated with suicide in adolescents at the Héroes del Cenepa Educational Unit located in the Pastaza province, Mera canton. Methods: Quantitative approach, descriptive study design, cross-sectional, study population of 160 adolescents in the middle stage between the ages of 14 and 18, high school students of the Héroes del Cenepa Educational Unit. Results: The findings for most relevant risk factors and warning signs of suicide were neglected personal appearance [24.38%] (Personal Domain), intrafamily violence - verbal and psychological [23.13%] (Family Domain); mistreatment at school (bullying) - sometimes [53.13%], the suicidal risk according to the Plutchik scale is 33.75% (Mild/moderate) and according to the Beck A. scale it is 67.50%. (Suicide Risk Predictor – moderate and severe hopelessness). Discussion and Conclusions: The investigated population presents predominant risk factors. Suicidal risk (Plutchik and Beck A. Scales) is high, it is recommended to implement health care programs to reduce the incidence of suicide.