Prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en médicos e internos de medicina en América Latina durante la pandemia del Covid -19

Abstract

The global spread of COVID-19 has placed an unprecedented and extraordinary burden on healthcare personnel. In this context, burnout syndrome, characterized by psychological fatigue, dehumanization, and a decline in work efficiency, has become a significant issue among healthcare practitioners and medical trainees. This literature review aims to analyze the incidence of burnout syndrome within this group in Latin America during the pandemic period. To conduct this analysis, a comprehensive review of medical and scientific repositories PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO , Web of Science, and SCOPUS was carried out using relevant keyword combinations. Research published between 2017 and 2022 addressing the research topic was included. The findings indicate that the incidence of burnout among this group of healthcare professionals during the pandemic period has been notably high, with variations by country, medical specialty, and the specific role of the physician. These findings underscore the urgent need to implement effective preventive and therapeutic measures to manage and reduce burnout in this collective. In conclusion, it is crucial to implement individual and institutional intervention strategies to mitigate the effects of burnout on healthcare professionals. These strategies may include psychological support, promotion of healthy habits, and equitable workload redistribution.