Diseño y construcción de un accesorio externo automotriz bajo el proceso de infusión al vacío con material compuesto de matriz polimérica

Abstract

Actually the application of composite materials for the forming and creation of components or accessories is one of the greatest needs in the industrial field, aiming to reduce the weight and the replacement of metals, preserving or improving the properties of the materials. The progress of the forming processes are mostly manual, causing irreversible failures such as porosity, cracks, air bubbles and more defects, forming less resistant laminates. The Technical Project focused on obtaining the main parameters involved in the vacuum infusion process applied to a laminate with a complex shape, that is, curved, inclined, straight and deep areas. In addition, Tensile-Flexural tests were carried out to check the mechanical properties of the laminate obtained and cured at a temperature of 80 grades Celsius for two hours. The results obtained through the application of the process were compared with other commercial projects that were formed under the same parameters. The technical work showed that for a vacuum infusion process, permeability is one of the parameters that influenced at the time of lamination, using and applying Darcy's Law, for that reason it was important to select the complements (vacuum infusion kit) and it was verified that the orientations of the natural or synthetic fibers should be at 45 grades for greater resistance, but if a laminate with lower residence is desired, the recommended orientation is from 0 to 90 grades.