Caracterización fisicoquímica y microbiológica de la calidad de agua que accede a la planta de tratamiento Casigana (EP EMAPA-Ambato) y estrategias para evitar su contaminación

Abstract

The water entering Casigana's water Treatment Plant, also known as raw water comes from Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo's ditch, which consists of some types of access such as the uptake or the start of the Manzana Guayco's ditch, followed by another one that is Quebrada de Patalo (Juan Benigno Vela), Huachi San Jose is another ditch gap, until finally reaches the plant. This study entitled Characterization physicochemical and microbiological quality of water entering the Casigana's water treatment plant (EP EMAP-Ambato) and the strategies to prevent contamination, the main purpose was to characterize the water quality of the ditches using physicochemical analysis and microbiological so we can compare with the permissible values according to the Unified Text of the Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULAS). The characterization of the water was to analyze 25 different parameters, for two stages, the first taken on rainy season from May to June, and the second on dry season from August to September, this was of vital importance because throughout the stream or water's route has water-polluting factor's activities. We worked with a designed of blocks completely randomized (blocks that corresponds to the weeks and treatment places). By applying the statitcs program Statgraphics Plus, we compared the differences in physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. The results showed significant differences in statistics charts that exists in the blocks (weeks) and treatments (places), showing that the contamination increases or decreases in the ditches depending of the season. Certain parameters such as sulfates, ammonia, detergents and fecal coliforms over passed the limits set by environmental legislation. In accordance with all the results we can determine the quality of water, and using proper strategies we could avoid contamination of the ditches.