Browsing by Author "López Villacis, Isabel Cristina"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Efecto del aceite esencial del molle (Schinus molle) en el control de Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae)
(2024-02) Cuji Aucanshala, Liliana Vanessa; López Villacis, Isabel Cristina
Melophagus ovinus (sheep louse or tick) is an ectoparasite widely distributed in cold climate areas and is mainly associated with different breeds of sheep. In addition to the damage to the skin or wool caused by this ectoparasite, it can also be a transmitter of different pathogens. Given its importance in sheep farming, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of molle (Schinus molle) essential oil on the control of Melophagus ovinus. Three doses of molle oil were tested (5, 10 and 15%) and distilled water was used as a control. The mortality rate was evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 hours after application, and the mean lethal concentration was calculated by graphical methods. Among the results, it was shown that the mortality of M. ovinus increased as the dose of the oil increased, reaching 82.5% when it was used at 5%, while with the doses of 10 and 15% the mortality increased to 85.0 and 90.0. %, respectively, at 24 hours. At 48 h after application, mortality remained at 82.5 and 85% when the 5 and 10% doses were used, while it reached 100% mortality with the highest dose. A similar behavior was observed 72 hours after application. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated at 6.33%. Molle essential oil was shown to be a viable alternative for the control of M. ovinus, however, evaluations are required under in vivo conditions. Keywords: false tick, sheep, natural control
Efecto in vitro de Beauveria bassiana en el control de Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae)
(2024-08) Córdova Córdova, Johanna Lissette; López Villacis, Isabel Cristina
Melophagus ovinus is an ectoparasite of sheep able to cause weight loss, anemia, and reduced wool growth, leading to an economic impact due to reduced production of meat, milk, and wool from sheep, as well as damage caused by the transmission of zoonotic pathogens, thus requiring permanent control measures. In this research, in vitro effect of Beauveria bassiana on the control of Melophagus ovinus was evaluated. For this purpose, the effect of four doses of the biopesticide (T1 = 1.0x105 spores/ml; T2 = 1.0x106 spores/ml; T3 = 1.0x107 spores/ml; T4 = 1.0x108 spores/ml, and distilled water was used as control) was tested on the mortality rate of adult female M. ovinus. Additionally, LD50 was calculated using Probit analysis. Concentrations of B. bassiana affected the mortality rate in M. ovinus. In general, the mortality rate was dependent on the concentration of B. bassiana, reaching 55.56% at 120 hours after applying the highest dose, which was 50% higher than the mortality observed with the lowest dose and 90% higher than the control treatment. A similar trend was observed in the second and third evaluations. Probit analysis showed an LD50 value of 1.47x105 conidia/ml, while the LD90 and LD95 values were 6.7x106 and 3.8x107 conidia/ml, respectively, which it would be expected to result in 90% and 95% mortality of the study population under in vitro conditions. According to the results, topic application of B. bassiana suspensions could be a potential alternative for controlling M. ovinus; however, in vivo evaluations are required to determine its effect on sheep.
Evaluación de la actividad insecticida del extracto acuoso de molle (Schinus molle L.) frente al gusano blanco de la papa (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache)
(2017) Villacrés Villacrés, Gabriela Elevación; López Villacis, Isabel Cristina
The present research project was carried out with the objective of evaluating the insecticidal activity of molle aqueous extract (Schinus molle L.) against white worm (Premnotrypex vorax Hustache.) Of the potato, in her stages of insect adult ,larvae, and eggs at the Technical University of Ambato, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratories of Botany, Chemistry and Plant Health.The extract for the test was obtained by the steam entrainment evaporation technique at a concentration of 20%. The experimental design that was used was randomized blocks with 3 treatments one control and 4 replicates, data were taken with 3 frequencies repeated over time (24, 48, 72 hours). The analysis of variance (ADEVA) was performed according to the experimental design proposed, Tukey significance tests at 5%, where the best results were: for adult insects mortality, 16,67 %, with D2 dose (10% ) At 24 hours after the extract was applied, in the case of larval mortality, 16,67% was recorded, with a D3 (15%) at 72 hours of the opposite application of adults, in the case of eggs , The rate of inhibition of larval hatching the dose that acted most effectively is D1 (5%) with a result of 25% at 24 hours of application, to avoid eggs hatching a low dose of Extract and acts in the shortest time with a mechanical effect of dehydration of eggs and therefore preventing the hatching of the same. To determine costs, an analysis was carried out with the preparation of 1000 ml of extract and applying a profit margin of 35% giving a total value of $ 44.70 and a unit cost of 4.70 per 100 ml of extract.
Evaluación de la biomasa residual agrícola de los cultivos de papa (Solanum tuberosum), maíz (Zea mays) y tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum) como recurso energético renovable en la Provincia de Tungurahua
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Química, 2021) López Villacis, Isabel Cristina; Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
At present, the generation of renewable energy has become a great tool of the first order for the sustainable development of our society, the use of agricultural biomass stands out as a respectful and friendly process with the environment. Worldwide, a great variety of forest, agricultural residues are generated: this situation opens up a great possibility for the use of these residues in the form of biomass and reinforces the need to evaluate and analyze each of these resources both materially and energetically. The objective of this research work is to energetically evaluate the agricultural residual biomass of potato (Solanum tuberosum), corn (Zea mays), and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) crops as a renewable resource in the Province of Tungurahua. As a first step, a prospection of the crops with the greatest relevance in terms of the biomass residues generated was established. The project provided a database in which its energy characteristics were analyzed for each crop: calorific value, amount of biomass to calculate the energy potential, and a proximal analysis was also carried out (humidity, ash, volatile compounds and fixed carbon). The type research used was experimental, a field and laboratory work were carried out, where each test was out in triplicate. This project is considered as an initiative to obtain clean energy and in this way to obtain additional income for farmers who, in addition to marketing their products, can obtain additional income from the agricultural residues generated in their crops, especially from potato, corn and tomato crops of trees considered as the crops with the highest production in Tungurahua.
Evaluación del manejo de los residuos sólidos cortopunzantes y su incidencia en los accidentes laborales en el hospital de SOLCA - Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Maestría en Producción más Limpia, 2014) López Villacis, Isabel Cristina; Valencia Silva, Alex Fabián
In the present investigation, the evaluation was about how to manage some sharps waste at SOLCA Hospital in Ambato, first some labor accidents were identifying due to some workers manipulate some sharps waste at SOLCA Hospital in Ambato. Then, the risk's factors were evaluated how the mechanic, chemical, biological, and ergonomic risks, determining the degree of danger by matrix of William Fine. Another point of view is that the biological risks weren't evaluated due to in our country there isn't the suitable technology to investigate the diseases acquired during the professional life. A prevent Program was developed, this determines some measuring factors to decrease the mechanic, chemistry and ergonomic risks which set healthy risks on people who work at SOLCA in Ambato.