Nutrición y Dietética
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33812
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Item Estrategias nutricionales en adultos con diabetes mellitus(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-25) Villacis Fiallos, Angelo Joel; Arteaga Almeida, Cristina AlexandraType 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the main diseases affecting Ecuadorian society, currently impacting 1.4 million Ecuadorians. This situation is exacerbated as a result of unhealthy nutritional habits, which lead to an increase in people with overweight and obesity. It is important to highlight the increase in the older adult population with these problems, as well as the sedentary customs that contribute to the sustained rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases. It is a priority for health authorities to develop nutritional strategies for older adults affected by this disease, emphasizing the importance of implementing health education actions that positively impact the change of poor nutritional habits and the systematic increase of physical activity as fully viable alternatives to reduce type 2 diabetes mellitus cases in the adult population. The methodology used in the development of the scientific article corresponds to a literature review. In conclusion, nutritional strategies focus on transforming lifestyles, through increasing physical activity, reducing carbohydrate intake, and adopting a healthy nutrition rich in proteins and fiber but low in fats.Item Calidad de sueño y el estado nutricional en docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Chauca Toapanta, Veronica Natali; Zuñiga Sanchez, Valeria MonserrathPoor sleep quality has negative effects on health due to alterations in metabolism. The objective of the study was to identify the relationship between sleep quality and nutritional status of teachers of the Universidad Tecnica de Ambato, through anthropometric and dietary assessment. The study was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study, where the sample consisted of 38 teachers between 29 and 59 years of age. Two questionnaires were used for the study: the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and the food consumption frequency questionnaire according to the IASE healthy eating index. The statistical analysis was performed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 2021 program, where it was found that 65.8% of the study sample had poor sleep quality, while 44.7% were overweight and 5.3% obese, measured by body mass index (BMI); likewise, body fat percentage, body fat area, waist circumference were altered, all of which shows that most teachers have altered body composition. The 94.7% presented a diet in need of change and 5.3% an unhealthy diet, that is to say, the total population has inadequate eating habits. No statistical significance was found between sleep quality and body composition (p>0.05), however, a close relationship was observed in the percentage of body fat (p 0.06). When sleep quality was related to diet, the same result was obtained. Consequently, although there was no statistically significant relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality, important trends were observed.Item Calidad de la dieta en relación a sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de una Unidad Educativa del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Carrasco Pérez, Victoria Monserratte; Hidalgo Morales, Kattytta PatriciaCurrently, overweight and obesity have become a public health crisis. In Latin America and the Caribbean, it is estimated that 3 out of 10 children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 are overweight, which is influenced by an incorrect diet. For this reason, the present work had the objective of establishing the relationship between the quality of the diet and the presence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren of 5th, 6th and 7th year of the Tirso de Molina Educational Unit of the Ambato Canton. For which a qualitative and quantitative approach methodology was used, of a descriptive and cross-sectional type, which included a study sample of 219 students to whom the food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied, in addition to being We took their anthropometric measurements. As a result, it was obtained that the boys presented a body mass index of 22.4 ± 2.74 and the girls 22.4 ± 2.74, at the same time it was determined that 52.7% of the students had a poor diet, that there was no significant difference in diet quality between boys and girls (p>0.05) and that there is a negative correlation between body mass index and diet quality (p<0.01: Rho= -0.345). It is concluded that the quality of the diet is related to the body mass index, since the worse the quality of the diet, the greater the weight of the students and vice versa.Item Abordaje nutricional en pacientes con cirugía bariátrica. Un estudio de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Aguilar Morales, Bryan Javier; Guevara Villacis, Mishelts VanessaThe present investigative work focuses on how patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a surgical procedure used in the treatment of morbid obesity, are not able to eat an adequate diet both before and after the operation, failing to meet the adequate requirements of nutrients that your body needs after the physiological and metabolic changes that occur after the intervention. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to investigate and analyze the importance of having a specific nutritional treatment for this type of patients, in order to enhance and improve the results of surgery and improve their state of health and well-being. long term. Thus, a complete search of the scientific literature available in highly relevant databases was carried out, collecting information with adequate methodological quality, which allows understanding the need to adapt a nutritional plan before surgery to avoid complications during it, and after this, to help the patient's body adapt to the change. Thus, the importance of a comprehensive approach in the nutritional approach of these patients was highlighted, evidencing a lack of general information on the proper diet that should be followed, in many cases, downplaying the nutritional aspect, which leads to complications and a recovery of the weight that was had before surgery, therefore, special emphasis is made on the need for long-term follow-up, in which it is demonstrated that continuous visits to nutritional consultation and patient education, promote changes in the sustainable lifestyle, which does not include restrictive diets that cannot be carried.