Nutrición y Dietética

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    EFECTO DE LOS PROBIÓTICOS EN EL PACIENTE OBESO. UN ESTUDIO DE REVISIÓN
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Montachana Crespata, Milena Alexandra; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia
    Introduction: The gut microbiota is a potential determining factor in the development of obesity, resulting in dysbiosis, which is related to a lower number of members of the Bacteroidetes division and an increase in Firmicutes leading to a decrease in energy expenditure, it is also associated with the inflammatory process, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: To carry out a literature review related to the effects of probiotics on the improvement of the intestinal microbiota in an obese patient and its associated disorders. Methods: A search of articles in PubMed, Google Scholar and Elsevier from the last five years was carried out using the terms "obesity and probiotics", "effect of probiotics", "gut microbiota and probiotics". A total of 23 articles were included in the selection criteria. Results: Supplementation with probiotics specifically certain strains such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium could lead to significant weight reductions, in combination with energy restriction and physical activity. However, it is important to develop clinical trials that are properly designed, including all aspects of lifestyle, gut microbiota, metabolites, and genetic background. Conclusions: Despite the beneficial effects, they are not yet considered an alternative strategy in the treatment of obesity due to the lack of research in this field, since the currently available data come from studies carried out in animals that may not present potential in humans. It is important to conduct more large-scale longitudinal studies with longer follow-up.
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    USO DE PREBIÓTICOS Y PROBIÓTICOS EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA OBESIDAD: UN ESTUDIO DE REVISIÓN
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-20) Gavilanes Guerrero, María de los Ángeles; Quiroga Torres, Tannia Elizabeth
    Obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems in the world, with figures of about 641 million people. The usual treatment for this condition is the reduction of calories from the diet, use of medications or surgical interventions. Obesity is associated with an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota. Prebiotics are non-digestible compounds of dietary fibers. Probiotics are living organisms that confer benefits to the individual. The objective was to determine the efficacy of the consumption of prebiotics and probiotics for the treatment of obesity. A systematic review of 9 scientific articles selected from Web of Science, Pubmed, Taylor and Francis, Dialnet and Scielo was performed. The review revealed that the use of pre and probiotics contributes to the reduction of weight, BMI and waist circumference in people with obesity, as well as the reduction of some biochemical markers associated with obesity. It is suggested that supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics may be an alternative as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity. However, more studies are needed to support their use.
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    Probióticos para el tratamiento de colitis ulcerosa. Un estudio de revisión
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Mallitasig Endara, Fátima Vanessa; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia PhD
    Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the colon of multifactorial origin that affects the microbiota, its treatment seeks to improve its dysbiosis by means of probiotics, microorganisms with life, capable of providing multiple benefits to the organism. Objective: To analyze the benefits of probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis by means of a literature review. Method: A systematic review was carried out in Spanish and English using scientific databases such as Scielo, Pubmed, Dialnet, Google Scholar, Elsevier. In a total of 251 reviews, considering as exclusion criteria those documents older than 3 years or not included in scientific databases. Results: Despite not being harmful to health, some authors highlight that the use of probiotics does not guarantee a cure of the disease or the elimination of its symptoms, but rather that it could be useful in periods of remission and its maintenance, provided it is used in the right amount and specific strain. Conclusions: Probiotics have proven to be useful in inducing the remission phase of active ulcerative colitis, with a specific amount and type of strains, however, studies are still needed to determine the duration of their effect on the organism.