Tesis Agronomía
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Item Evaluación de la producción de forraje verde hidropónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) con nutrición mineral(2024-02) Gavilanes Pérez, Abraham Ezequiel; León Gordon, Olguer AlfredoProduction of hydroponic forage is a relevant technology for obtaining high-quality forage in a short time. In the case of barley, it represents the fourth most cultivated cereal in the world, which makes it very important for global agriculture. The objective of this research was to determine the performance of hydroponic green barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage under two nutrient solutions. Each nutrient solution varied in the content of nutrients such as N, P, K, other secondary macro elements (Mg, S and Ca) and microelements. Was evaluated the effect on plant height, fresh weight and dry root and aerial part, incidence of contaminants and yield in fresh weight of the shoot were evaluated. The solution A, with the highest nutrient content (N: 147ppm, P: 76ppm, K: 225ppm Ca: 120ppm) produced the highest plant height (19.1 cm), mat thickness was also achieved. root (5.8 cm), fresh and dry weight of the aerial part (60.9 and 24.9 g, respectively) and fresh and dry weight of the root mat (147.7 and 77.3 g, respectively) and, finally, higher yield (13.9 kg/m2). There was no effect of the nutrient solution on the number of leaves, quality of the root mat, incidence of contaminants and days to harvest. This type of technology is little known in the country, however, given the high quality of the forage obtained hydroponically, it is suggested that socialization campaigns be carried out among producers in the region to show the feasibility of its production. Keywords: barley, green fodder, hydroponicsItem Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de cuatro líneas promisorias de cebada desnuda bajo las condiciones agroecológicas del sector Querochaca(2023-03) Chugcho Chugcho, Christian Daniel; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe research proposes the evaluation of the agronomic behavior of four promising lines of naked barley under the agroecological conditions of the sector of Querochaca, a completely random block design was used with 5 treatments and 3 repeats, variables such as days of tasseling, height of the thatch plant type, spike size, number of grains per spike, yield, specific weight, weight of thousand grains, type and color of grain and diseases that occurred were evaluated, for each of these variables the Shapiro Wilks, Homogeneity, ADEVA, 5% Tukey or qualitative test was performed. Concluding that all the promising lines provided by the program of Cereals in research were adapted under the agro-ecological conditions of the sector Querochaca canton Cevallos, in the province of Tungurahua. Obtaining promising lines much more outstanding than others, where CD-19-010 was the line that best adaptability in field presented with 81.67 days to the stem, intermediate stem, yield of 7483.33 kg/ha, specific weight of 78.90 kg hl -1 a coarse, large grain, well-formed, clean white and good looking. As for diseases that occurred were; yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) had a percentage of 15%, leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) a percentage of 1% and yellow dwarfism virus of barley (Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus). Restricted yellowing of the leaves was found making it the best promising line compared to the remaining three lines (CD-19-007, CD-19-006, CD-19-011) and the control variety INIAP-ATAHUALPA 92Item Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de cuatro líneas promisorias de cebada bajo las condiciones agroecológicas del sector Querochaca(2023-03) Naranjo Freire, Diego Alejandro; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe present research work evaluated the agronomic behavior of four promising lines of barley, under the agro ecological conditions of the sector of Querochaca, the promising lines and the improved variety were provided by the INIAP cereals program, a completely random block design was employed with 5 treatments with 3 repetitions, in the research we studied variables such as days of tasseling, plant height, spike size, thatch type, number of grains per spike, yield, thousand grain weight, hectolithic or specific weight, type and color of grain and diseases, for each variable was used the test of Shapiro Wilks, homogeneity, ADEVA and Tukey to 5%, already finished the investigation the promising lines have been adapted to the agro ecological conditions of the field Querochaca in Cevallos canton, province of Tungurahua. Promising lines were obtained that stood out much more than others, the promising line CD-19-004 was the line that was better adapted to agro ecological conditions, presenting 85.33 days to the stem, plant height 125 cm, an intermediate stem, a medium grain, round shape, white color and good appearance, there was presence of diseases yellow leaf rust (Puccinia striiformis) with a severity of 38.8%, leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) present a severity of 6.67% and yellow dwarfism barley virus (BYDV) present traces of yellowing of the tip of few leaves, vigorous looking plant, CD-19-004 was the best promising line compared to the remaining three lines (CD-19-013, CMU-19-002, CMU-19-001) and surpassing the improved variety INIAP-CAÑICAPA 2003.Item Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de 15 variedades mejoradas de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) liberadas por el INIAP(2023-03) Simbaña Chiluisa, Edison Klever; Valle Velástegui, Edgar LucianoBarley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fifth largest cereal crop in the world, with 50% of the area and 63% of the production volume concentrated in Europe, where ninety million t/ha are produced with average productivity of 4 t/ha. In Ecuador, only 24,000 t/ha is produced, with an average productivity of 0.60 t/ha and production costs of up to U$ 700 per hectare. This research work took place at the Technical University of Ambato, Agricultural Sciences’ Faculty, located in Cevallos City, Tungurahua province. Fifteen barley varieties from the Cereal Program of the Experimental Station "Santa Catalina" INIAP were used. The objective of the exploratory study was to verify the agronomic performance of 15 varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by INIAP in order to identify germplasm with superior characteristics that demonstrate precocity, disease resistance, quality, and high yield. Variables evaluated: plant height, straw type, ear size, number of grains per ear, yield per hectare, hectoliter or specific weight, thousand-grain weight, grain type and color, and presence of diseases. A completely randomized block design (DBCA) was implemented, in the sources of variation that indicated statistical significance, a Tukey test at 5% was performed, while for those that did not adjust, a non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test was performed, with the data obtained it was determined that all treatments were adapted to the conditions of the field under study, the treatment with better adaptability to agroecological conditions was the INIAP-Dorada 71 variety and the one with the best grain yield was INIAP-Quilotoa 2003 with 8724. 44 kg/ha.