Tesis Agronomía

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Subject: search.filters.subject.AJO (Allium sativum L.)

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    Evaluación de productos alternativos para la prevención de pudrición blanca (Sclerotium cepivorum) en la producción de ajo (Allium sativum L.) bajo cubierta en la granja Experimental Querochaca
    (2024-02) Pallo Silva, Pamela Sabrina; Pérez Salinas, Marco Oswaldo
    Garlic (Allium sativum L) in Ecuador is affected by phytosanitary problems and shortage of quality bulb seed, one of the main problems affecting the crop is the presence of white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum), it is for this reason and because of the high costs demanded for the control of this disease, the research was proposed with the objective of identifying the best alternative product for the prevention of this disease. This research was conducted at the Technical University of Ambato in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences under cover in a soil free of this disease, within this research was used a completely randomized block design, all study variables were subject to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5%, the variables studied were: plant height (cm), polar diameter (cm) equatorial diameter (cm), bulb weight (g), yield (T / ha), incidence and severity of the disease and days to harvest. Within all the variables studied, values ranging from 86.16 cm to 76.70 cm were observed in height at 30 days and at 60 days the values ranged from 94.04 to 82.24 cm, in terms of bulb weight, values between 50.86 and 33.33 g were obtained, in terms of yield we have values interpreted in T/ha ranging from 8.96 to 5.87 T/ha, taking into account these values, in most variables we have that P1F1 (oil ozonized every 8 days) was the best treatment in terms of yield, bulb weight and plant height. In relation to incidence and severity we can mention that the products evaluated acted effectively, since we have 0% in what refers to this variable. Key words: Allium sativum L, Sclerotium cepivorum, prevention, phytosanitary problems, product.
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    Aislamiento y caracterización del agente causal de pudriciones en el cultivo de Allium sativum L.
    (2023-09) Tituaña Cajahuishca, Mónica Tatiana; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
    Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the crops with the smallest planting area in Ecuador due to its phytosanitary problems and the lack of quality seed bulbs. One of the factors that affects the production of this crop is the presence of diseases, among the most common is bulb rot. For this reason, the present investigation was proposed with the objective of identifying the causal agents that occur in the rotting of the garlic crop in the Pilahuín parish belonging to the Tungurahua province. Three isolates were obtained from infected bulb tissue, which were selected for cultural and morphological characterization. The results indicated that the causative agents of the most common rots were Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae, Penicillium allii and Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. It is hoped that the results of these studies serve as a basis for the establishment of an integrated disease management program that leads to an increase in the garlic (Allium sativum L.) planting area in order to reach a supply in Ecuador.
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    Evaluación de Trichoderma harzianum para el control de la pudrición blanca (Sclerotium cepivorum) en el cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.)
    (2023-03) Jami Toapanta, Gloria Claudina; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
    Currently organic agriculture offers the use of fungal bio-controllers that ensure their effectiveness with their use, therefore this research work is focused on testing the ability of Trichoderma harzianum for the control of Sclerotium cepivorum in the garlic crop, the experimental trial was implemented in a plot of the Agroecological and Demonstrative Farm of Píllaro in an area of 107.25m2, with 24 experimental units of 3m2 arranged in three blocks. The treatments consisted of three doses of Trichoderma harzianum 2g/L, 4g/L, 6g/L and two controls, T1 the control with chemical and T0 the control without any application tested in two frequencies of applications, every 15 and 30 days. The experimental design of the research project was the Block Design Completely Randomized (DBCA) with factorial arrangement 3x2+2 with three replications, through the analysis of variance (ADEVA) and the Tukey and Duncan test at 5%, results were obtained that expressed that the best treatment for pathogen control was the D2F1 (4g/L, Trichoderma harzianum every 15 days) for both the percentage of incidence, the percentage of severity and the level of crop yield. When processing the data, it was determined that the antagonistic fungus has a similar efficiency to the chemical fungicides used by the farmer, as well as in the production costs there is no great difference, however, the benefits of the use of microorganisms in the soil, the environment and the quality of the product surpasses the use of any pesticide.