Tesis Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/872

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Análisis de las alteraciones anatomopatológicas durante la inspección post mortem en bovinos faenados en el Camal Municipal de la ciudad de Ambato
(2023-03) Chonata Naranjo, Andrés Sebastián; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
This research was carried out at the Municipal Cold Storage Plant in the city of Ambato, province of Tungurahua. The research process lasted 2 months (March 28 to May 28, 2022), the field work was based on the examination of anatomopathological lesions in seized viscera belonging to slaughtered cattle. The following results were obtained: as a first point, the anatomopathological findings found with a percentage of 40% of the lesion with more seizures corresponded to the pathology Distomatosis, followed by hepatic abscess with 15%, and Cirrhosis with the remaining 10%. With respect to pulmonary lesions, there were two main ones: hemorrhagic lung with 13% and pulmonary emphysema with 8%, all of them causing seizures in slaughtered cattle. According to the anatomopathological findings recorded, the total number of animals with lesions was classified according to age and sex, placing adult males (bulls) as the sex with more pathologies causing veterinary condemnation, leading the cases of Distomatosis and Hepatic Abscess; with respect to Cirrhosis and Hemorrhagic Lung, adult females (cows) lead the way. Finally, the main territorial areas of origin of the animals with more cases of anatomopathological lesions were determined, which are the reason for confiscation presented in the post-mortem examination of cattle that were slaughtered in the Municipal slaughterhouse of the city of Ambato. The highest number of cases was found in the province of Tungurahua, Píllaro canton, where the cattle with the most lesions come from, accounting for 35% of the totalnumber of cases in the canton to which it belongs.
Identificación de parásitos con diferentes métodos coprológicos en muestras de reptiles en el Vivarium de Quito
(2021-08) Núñez Alverca, Karla Alejandra; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
The current study has the objective to identify gastrointestinal parasites through three coprological methods in reptile fece samples of Vivarium Quito. 118 reptile samples were processed and analyzed; which 81 belong to 17 suborder Ofidia species, 23 samples belong to 7 different order Chelonia species and 14 samples belong to 5 suborder Saurus species. From this sample analysis, 88 (74.6%) samples result positive to any kind of parasite. For sampling, physician restraint were made according to the kind of reptil; it was used hooks or herpetological tubes to manipulate snakes, in case of poisonous specimens, they were managed by authorized staff, turtles and lizards were contained through manual restraint, turtles from the base of the tail or body and lizards avoiding his tail restraint, holding its paws. The samples were recolected with tongue depressors, kept in ziploc bags and kept refrigerated, then they were tagged with the scientific name of the animal, number of alive, area where are located in Vivarium and date of collection, transportation was made through of a cooler with cooling gels at a temperature of 4°C. The direct coprological, float and sedimentation methods were applied in each sample taken. As a result, 40 different kind of parasites were identified, 6 genera of Protozoan, 13 of Nematodes, 12 of Trematodes, 5 of Cestodes, 2 of Acantocephalus, 1 of Mites and 1 of Pentastomide type. From these results, the most frequently parasites were Blastocystis spp Protozoan (25%), nematodes within order of pinworms (23.9% egg) (11.4% adult), Balantidium sp (11.4%), Metamonádidos (10.2%), Strongyloides (9.1%), Kalicephalus sp (8%), Nyctotherus spp, Entamoeba sp., Ophionyssus natricis y Rhabdias spp these four kind of parasites with 6.8%. All identified genres were characterized morphologically according to their classification, presentation or status, shape, colour, size, and the coprological method which were identified. Finally, it was resulted that order Chelonia (82.6%) have the most frequency of parasites, then Squamata (72.6%), but separately Saurus has 100% of parasitism and Ofidia species 67.9%. In conclusion, there is a great variety of gastrointestinal parasites in reptiles of the study and it is priority to have a preventive deworming plan for avoiding being prone to future pathologies in these animals.
Identificación de parásitos con diferentes métodos coprológicos en muestras de reptiles en el Vivarium de Quito
(2021-06) Núñez Alverca, Karla Alejandra; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
The current study has the objective to identify gastrointestinal parasites through three coprological methods in reptile fece samples of Vivarium Quito. 118 reptile samples were processed and analyzed; which 81 belong to 17 suborder Ofidia species, 23 samples belong to 7 different order Chelonia species and 14 samples belong to 5 suborder Saurus species. From this sample analysis, 88 (74.6%) samples result positive to any kind of parasite. For sampling, physician restraint were made according to the kind of reptil; it was used hooks or herpetological tubes to manipulate snakes, in case of poisonous specimens, they were managed by authorized staff, turtles and lizards were contained through manual restraint, turtles from the base of the tail or body and lizards avoiding his tail restraint, holding its paws. The samples were recolected with tongue depressors, kept in ziploc bags and kept refrigerated, then they were tagged with the scientific name of the animal, number of alive, area where are located in Vivarium and date of collection, transportation was made through of a cooler with cooling gels at a temperature of 4°C. The direct coprological, float and sedimentation methods were applied in each sample taken. As a result, 40 different kind of parasites were identified, 6 genera of Protozoan, 13 of Nematodes, 12 of Trematodes, 5 of Cestodes, 2 of Acantocephalus, 1 of Mites and 1 of Pentastomide type. From these results, the most frequently parasites were Blastocystis spp Protozoan (25%), nematodes within order of pinworms (23.9% egg) (11.4% adult), Balantidium sp (11.4%), Metamonádidos (10.2%), Strongyloides (9.1%), Kalicephalus sp (8%), Nyctotherus spp, Entamoeba sp., Ophionyssus natricis y Rhabdias spp these four kind of parasites with 6.8%. All identified genres were characterized morphologically according to their classification, presentation or status, shape, colour, size, and the coprological method which were identified. Finally, it was resulted that order Chelonia (82.6%) have the most frequency of parasites, then Squamata (72.6%), but separately Saurus has 100% of parasitism and Ofidia species 67.9%. In conclusion, there is a great variety of gastrointestinal parasites in reptiles of the study and it is priority to have a preventive deworming plan for avoiding being prone to future pathologies in these animals.
Identificación del ácaro Lynxacarus radovskyi en pacientes felinos domésticos de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas
(2023-03) Pico Chávez, Olga Marina; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
This research was carried out with the objective of identifying the mite Lynxacarus radovskyi in domestic feline patients attending veterinary clinics in the cantons of Santo Domingo and La Concordia in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. The development of the project was carried out in collaboration with 30 veterinary centers that allowed the evaluation and sampling of their patients, in the period between March and July 2022. The methodology applied refers to a descriptive, non-experimental, qualitative, cross-sectional study; a study that consisted of evaluating 400 domestic cats through two dermatological tests: Trichogram and acetate tape to take samples from three specific body areas: dorsum of the neck, base of the tail and perianal area for each diagnostic technique applied, where 6 samples were collected for each patient, being processed 2400 samples in total. As a result, a frequency of 53.5% (214/400) of positive cases of the total population studied was obtained; of the 214 patients diagnosed, it was determined that 31.7% presented dermatological clinical signs, while the remaining 68.22% had subclinical parasitic disease. Pearson's correlation determined that there was no statistical association between the variables sex and coat length with respect to the frequency of L. radovskyi according to the reported values of p=0.916 and p=0.302, respectively; in turn, of the infested felines, 30.5% were females, and 40.25% were short-haired patients. According to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the complementary methods applied and the diagnosis of the disease, no statistical significance was reported (p=0.968); however, the imprinting method allowed a higher diagnosis of the dermatosis with 51.63%. Similarly, the area of choice for sampling was evaluated, in which a statistical significance of p= 0.0001 was obtained, which attributes that the diagnosis of L. radovskyi will depend on the area to be sampled, concluding that the body area with a high probability of detection of the parasite is the perianal area. The results provided by the research, given the high prevalence rate of L. radovskyi demonstrated, describe the importance of considering this external parasite among the differential diagnoses in cases of parasitic dermatopathies; and based on the scarce bibliographic reports in Ecuador, the need for further research to contribute with updated information on the distribution of the pathology prevails.
Identificación del endoparásito (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis) en peces de ornato (Carassius auratus) en el acuario Neptuno del cantón Salcedo
(2024-02) Ávila Silva, Eduardo Wladimir; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
The parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated protozoan, known for presenting white spots or spots in infected fish, where the most commercialized species in aquariums worldwide is Carassius auratus, so the present study aimed to identify the presence of this ectoparasite, in fish samples from the Neptune aquarium in Salcedo, due to the economic losses it represents, due to its high level of mortality in the species that suffer from this parasite. 45 specimens of Carassius auratus fish were analyzed, where erratic undulatory buckling was clinically observed in 14 (31.11%) of the specimens in the study. Subsequently, through macroscopic identification, the anatomical places with the presence of the protozoan were visualized, where the dorsal fin showed a (57.14%) and the caudal fin or tail (42.86%), values that were confirmed by microscopic analysis through skin scraping tests, which were obtained through prior euthanasia of the animal by making a cut in the spinal cord by means of of a surgical scissors before the operculum that protects the gills of the fish, later with the help of a scalpel the samples of epidermis, fins, cornea and gills were extracted to finally be visualized microscopically, finding the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in its Trophon stage of its biological cycle. Concluding the existence of the parasite in the fish specimens studied, this type of study stands out as a research base to carry out future research on ornamental fish in aquariums in Ecuador. Keywords: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, fish, Carassius Auratus
Prevalencia de nemátodos gastrointestinales en cerdos faenados en el camal municipal del cantón Pelileo
(2024-08) Naula Sánchez, Erick Josué; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
This research focuses on determining the presence and frequency of gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs slaughtered in the Pelileo municipal slaughterhouse. This study aims to evaluate the parasitic load of nematodes in pigs intended for human consumption, which is of utmost importance for public health and the pork industry. The methodology used included the collection of gastrointestinal tissue samples from pigs slaughtered in the municipal slaughterhouse, followed by coproparasitoscopic analysis to identify and quantify the presence of nematodes in the adult stage, as well as eggs and larvae in the samples. The results obtained provide relevant information on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitosis in pigs, allowing the impact on public health and the quality of pork to be evaluated. The findings of this research have significant implications for animal and human health, as well as the local pork industry. The data collected can be used to implement measures to control and prevent parasitic infections in pigs, contributing to food security and the well-being of the population. Furthermore, the identification of gastrointestinal nematodes in pigs slaughtered in the municipal slaughterhouse of Pelileo Canton provides a solid basis for future research and actions aimed at improving pig management and production practices.
Prevalencia de tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) en caninos domésticos enteros en el sector rural del cantón San Pedro de Pelileo
(2023-03) Pineda Guevara, Erika Jessenia; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
The present study is aimed at determining the prevalence of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in entire domestic canines in the rural sector of the Canton San Pedro de Pelileo, understanding the importance of recognizing the number of affected animals in the sector. Data collection was carried out in the La Clementina, Sálate and El Obraje farmhouses belonging to the Pelileo parish. The methodological process included the selection and identification of the study sample, the application of cytological studies in genital areas, staining of plates. The results show an average prevalence of 10% of TVT in domestic canines with a higher incidence according to age, possession, and sex, with the positive presence of TVT in 13 of the 187 dogs analyzed, the highest immunity was presented in the dogs. canines under one year of age, since there were no cases of TVT in this age range, the transmission of TVT was sexual since 100% of the results showed genital lesion. In relation to the ECOP (problem oriented exam) method, its use was positive for the initial diagnosis.