Enfermería

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/819

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Start date: 2021Subject: search.filters.subject.DIABETES

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    FACTORES DE RIESGO CARDIO-METABÓLICOS EN ADULTOS CON SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD DE UNA POBLACIÓN RURAL ECUATORIANA
    (2025-06-17) Lopez Panata, Erika Pamela; Arráiz de Fernández, Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Obesity and overweight are cardiometabolic factors that increase the risk of diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, associated with unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles; these health issues have been declared global epidemics. Objective: To determine cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults in a rural Ecuadorian population. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Pisacha neighborhood of Ambato, Ecuador, from May to August 2024. Using an observational and descriptive approach, 48 individuals aged 20 to 64 were studied. Anthropometric measurements, waist circumference, fasting and occasional glucose levels (measured by glucometer), two blood pressure readings, and the risk factor questionnaire created by the Mexican National Secretariat were administered. Results: The analysis shows that men predominate in the 20–44 age group, while women are more common in the 45–64 age group. Obesity is more prevalent among women, and overweight among men. Sixty-five percent of respondents do not exercise regularly, and optimal blood pressure is more frequent in men aged 20–44. Additionally, 46% of those with overweight and obesity present positive casual glycemia results. Conclusions: Overweight is more common in men than in women, while physical inactivity is one of the most concerning factors, as most respondents engage in little or no exercise, with higher prevalence among women. Higher age and obesity are associated with borderline blood pressures, and overweight and obesity predispose individuals to positive casual glycemia results.
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    AUTOCONTROL DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 EN ADULTOS MAYORES EN UNA COMUNIDAD ECUATORIANA
    (2025-06-17) Sánchez Torres, Lissette Estefanía; Quenoran Almeida, Verónica Sofia; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects millions of people around the world, characterized by the body's inability to effectively regulate blood glucose levels, which leads to chronic hyperglycemia. Objective: To describe the self-control of type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults in an Ecuadorian community. Methods: Quantitative, non-experimental, field, descriptive and transversal approach. The “Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ)” questionnaire was used, applied to 42 older adults. Results: 31% of the participants indicated that the control of blood sugar levels is applied to some extent in attending appointments. medical doctors, 52.4% said that this statement applies to a considerable degree, in relation to taking medication for diabetes, 61.9% of the participants indicated that it applies to a considerable degree, in turn, in terms of tendency to "binge eat", approximately 26.2% stated that this statement applies to some extent, the tendency to skip planned physical activity, 54.8% stated that this premise applies to a considerable degree, in relation to the Perception of their diabetes self-control, approximately 35.7% stated that it is applied to a certain extent. Conclusion: Improve selfcontrol practices by favoring the reduction of complications related to the pathology, promoting autonomy and informed decision-making, contributing to active aging. and healthy in the population.
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    Perfil epidemiológico de síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Moya Moya, Erica Pricila; Herrera López, José Luis Lic. Mg.
    Introduction: The epidemiological profile associated with frailty syndrome aims to inform to health professionals about the parameters which should be considered for a correct clinical assessment. Hence, the clinical patient can count on an early treatment, which could suppress adverse health events such as: disability, increased morbidity, mortality, dependence and falls. Therefore, the patient's quality of life will improve and functional deterioration will decrease. Objective: To draw up an frailty syndrome's epidemiological profile in elderly people based on information collected at the San Miguelito's Health Centre located in Píllaro - Ecuador. Methods: The data collection instrument will correspond to three phases, the first one seeks the recognition of the area of influence of the study, in this case is the canton Santiago de Píllaro, the second phase will concern the coverage of the study subjects by sociodemographic and age particularities, finally, to establish the instrument is a priority to validate through the pathological features determined by the authors cited. This information is derived from the Ministry of Public Health (MSP), through the clinical histories of the patients. In addition to this, descriptive statistics were used, as well as measures of central tendency, with the purpose of explaining how the different aspects interact by means of cross tables elaborated in spreadsheets. Results: Frailty is associated with age around 75.72 years with an standard deviation of 7.16. On the other hand, the diseases with the highest presence per case study are sarcopenia (22.75% - 78.17 years), Hypertension (22.10% - 76.80 years), Diabetes (10.065% - 76.54 years), Anaemia (9.63 - 79.61 years) and Depression (6.37 - 78.83 years). Conclusions: Regarding to the epidemiological profile's elaboration, not only those ailments with the highest incidence in the health centre, but also their contrast with age were taken into account.
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    Complicaciones en pacientes diabéticos con covid-19
    (2021-03-01) Barrionuevo Mejía, Jenny Alicia; López Pérez, Grace Pamela
    Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the diabetic population has been considered vulnerable and at high risk as they are more prone to acquiring respiratory infections due to deterioration of the immune system and alteration of glucose levels. Objective: To describe the complications in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Methodology: meta-analysis of articles published until September 14, 2020 in databases such as: Medline, PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Redalyc, Elsiever, BVS and academic Google. The search was carried out in 4 phases; the first for search, the second for selection, the third for information extraction and the fourth for analysis. Results: The main complications of diabetic patients with COVID-19 are: severe respiratory distress syndromes and extrapulmonary systemic hyperinflammation syndrome, shock, vasoplegia, respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary collapse, severe pneumonia, myocarditis, acute kidney injury, pancreatic damage, this due to immunological and hypoglycemic mechanisms that lead to an increased risk of death. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes do present greater complications in COVID-19 pictures, since when there is inadequate glycemic control, there is a greater susceptibility to developing a severe septic picture due to a failure in the body's response to pathogens.