Enfermería

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ENFERMEDADES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS

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    USO DE LA MECÁNICA CORPORAL PARA DISMINUIR LESIONES EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA
    (2025-06-16) Chicaiza Izurieta, Esteban Wladimir; Martínez García, Diana Nancy; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a significant problem for nursing students and professionals, with a prevalence ranging from 46% to 97%. These disorders not only affect the quality of life of individuals, but also negatively impact the efficiency and quality of patient care. The high prevalence of MSDs in students suggests that risk factors are present from the early stages of training. Objective: To analyze the available evidence on the use of body mechanics to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in nursing students. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in databases such as PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar, selecting studies from the last 5 years to ensure the timeliness of the evidence. The review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, including the use of the flowchart to document the study selection process and the checklist to ensure a rigorous and transparent methodology. Results: The most affected anatomical regions are the lumbar area, neck and shoulders. Risk factors identified include female sex, older age, poor posture, and repetitive movements. Body mechanics-based interventions, including ergonomic education and specific exercise programs, showed promising results in reducing musculoskeletal symptoms. Discussion: A high prevalence of MSDs in nursing is revealed, mainly affecting the lower back, neck, and shoulders. Body mechanics interventions show preventive potential, although a holistic approach and early integration into training are needed. Conclusion: It is concluded that body mechanics programs have considerable potential to reduce the risk of MSDs in nursing students. The integration of these programs into nursing curricula and addressing the barriers to their implementation in clinical practice is recommended.