Maestría en Laboratorio Clínico

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    Caracterización de la resistencia a Linezolid y Vancomicina mediada por plásmidos en Enterococcus faecalis y Enterococcus faecium
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-09-01) Jaramillo Ruales, Evelyn Katherine Bq. Cl.; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo PhD.
    Enterococcus sp. is an opportunistic pathogen in patients with immunosuppression, causing diseases such as endocarditis, urinary tract infections or surgical wounds. The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized vancomycin-resistant E. faecium as High priority (Priority 2). Vancomycin resistance is associated with the acquisition of genes such as vanA, vanB and vanC. Therefore, the therapeutic option is linezolid, however Enterococcus resistant to linezolid due to the acquisition of genes such as optrA, cfr and poxtA has already been reported. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe resistance to linezolid and vancomycin due to the acquisition of plasmids in E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated at INSPI-Quito, during 2017-2020. Methodology: The population of E. faecium and E. faecalis resistant to vancomycin and linezolid was analyzed in order to characterize the strains phenotypically and genotypically; in addition, correlate epidemiological data, georeference and create dendrograms. Results: 203 isolates were analyzed, mostly identified in the provinces of the Sierra part of Ecuador; 134 E. faecium resistant to vancomycin were identified, due to the presence of the vanA gene (44%) and the vanB gene (22%); 41 strains resistant to lineozlid are described, mostly E. faecalis, due to the presence of the optrA gene (88%); cfr and poxtA genes are not identified. Conclusions: Resistance to vancomycin is described in E. faecium and a high percentage of resistance to linezolid in E. faecalis, mostly due to the presence of plasmid genes, in addition, E. faecalis produces lower levels of antibiotic resistance than E. faecium.