Maestría en Laboratorio Clínico

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/35482

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Start date: 2022Subject: search.filters.subject.ANTIBIÓTICOS

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    Implementación de un sistema de vigilancia de resistencia antimicrobiana en el Hospital SOLCA Núcleo de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-10-01) Vásconez Nuela, Diana Carolina Lcda.; Altamirano Vaca. Bqf. PHD, Gabriela Liseth
    Bacterial resistance is a public health problem that afflicts, at a global level, different health houses. Microorganisms resistant to most antimicrobials are known as ultra-resistant. The phenomenon is very worrying because infections by resistant microorganisms can cause the death of the patient, be transmitted to other people and generate great costs for both patients and health homes. The objective is to implement an antimicrobial resistance surveillance system that includes developing and applying microbiological sampling protocols and the detection of extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing strains. Gram staining and the BBL Crystal ID identification system will be used for the bacterial identification. In addition, for the identification of ESBL, the combined disk diffusion method of ceftazidime/ceftazidime + clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotazime+claculanic acid will be used, and for the carbapenemases detection, the EDTA, boronic acid, mCIM and eCIM tests will be performed, according to the CLSI guidelines, to generate information on the changes in the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the microorganisms subject to it, in order to improve the microbiology area of the SOLCA Núcleo de Tungurahua Hospital.
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    Elaboración de la cartilla epidemiológica aplicado en las diferentes áreas hospitalarias del Hospital General Docente Ambato Distrito de Salud
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-10-01) Pérez Zapata, Ángela Yolanda; Mario F. MSc .Lcdo., Vilcacundo Córdova
    The prevalence of multiresistant bacteria is a serious public health problem. According to the WHO, this problem is considered one of the ten most relevant today in the health area. The elaboration of instruments that help to identify which are the most prevalent multi-resistant microorganisms in a locality helps greatly to develop public health policies and control strategies for both microorganisms and the sale and distribution of antibiotics. The present work was developed within the Hospital General Docente Ambato Distrito de Salud 18D0, where a survey was carried out on a sample of the personnel that works in said health house on knowledge of the management of multiresistant bacteria and on their knowledge of concepts associated with this problematic. An epidemiological survey of the samples analyzed in the microbiology laboratory of the institution was also developed to obtain information on the most prevalent microorganisms in the most frequent analytes in the laboratory. Finally, from the data extracted from the microbiology laboratory, and epidemiological chart was prepared with the most prevalent microorganisms in the analytes. From these analyzes, it was possible to determine a wide prevalence of E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus within the main samples analyzed within the microbiology laboratory. Once these relevant microorganisms were identified, it was also possible to observe a broad resistance of E. coli to a wide panel of antibiotics. This suggests that there is a wide distribution of genes that confer resistance to antibiotics within our population. Therefore, the elaboration of instruments such as the epidemiological primer is of great importance to generate public health policies for adequate control of this problem.