Ciencias de la Salud
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Item “Medidores bioquímicos para intoxicación en agricultores expuestos a organofosforados en la parroquia San Miguelito del cantón Píllaro”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2020-01-01) Yánez Toapanta, Paulina del Carmen; Vailati López, Juan Pablo Dr.Agriculture is one of the economic activities that take place in Ecuador, in which a large number of people who work daily in the planting and conservation of crops are positioned, in this way for the development of these activities pesticides are used. a free form for the control of plagues, in this same context the decrease of the cholinergic activity is evident by the permanent exposure to pesticides that are generally of the organophosphorus type and that have impacted on the health of the agricultural workers. The population of interest for this study is the San Miguelito parish of the Píllaro canton, considered a highly agricultural territory largely devoted to the cultivation of potatoes and other tubers, for this research a sample of 40 participants has been selected composed of men and women belonging to an agricultural association that maintains direct contact with organophosphorus-type pesticides that cause a decrease in the concentration of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and adverse liver function alterations. The present investigation establishes spectrophotometric determinations in the blood regarding the levels of concentration of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and markers of liver function in each of the participants and in turn relates these alterations to main risk factors such as: the level of education of farmers, exposure time in hours per week and proper use of personal protective equipment. The results show the presence of 12 farmers who show a decrease in the concentration of the enzyme corresponding to 30% of the sample under study, also in the values obtained from the liver profile, it was not possible to show alterations that indicate a possible hepatotoxicity, likewise With the crossing of tables for each of the variables of interest with the help of a Pearson Chi Square test between the direct relationship of the risk factors and the decrease in the enzyme, it is concluded that there is a significant statistical relationship between them.Item “Pruebas bioquímicas y hematológicas en la valoración de intoxicación por organofosforados en agricultores del cantón Píllaro”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2018-04-01) Anchatipán Escobar, Juan Carlos; Vailati López, Juan Pablo Dr.Organophosphorus pesticides are chemical products that are used in an artisan way for plague control, in agricultural crops specially in potato crops, implying a high risk in people’s health who manipulate it directly, causing a decrease in the serum concentration of acetylcholinesterase and alterations in the liver function. The goal of this research is to determine the serum concentration of acetylcholinesterase in farmers exposed to Organophosphorus pesticides and to identify the possible variables that can alter the concentration of this enzyme; an experimental, predictive and bibliographic study was carried out, the study population were 40 farmers among men and women from canton of Píllaro, that were exposed directly with organophosphorus pesticides. For this study, the determination of serum the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, as well as liver enzymes, were performed by spectrophotometry techniques. It was determined that 7 out of 40 farmers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides showed a decrease in the concentration of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme representing 17.5% of the total study sample, a percentage that is not statistically significant according to the Student's t-test in relation to the total population, while in the determination of liver function enzymes no significant alterations were observed, it was also verified that the affected population had an exposure time between 11 and 31 years, as well as they were not aware of the biosecurity measures for the handling of this type of pesticides. Pesticides concluding that the decrease in acetylcholinesterase levels are directly influenced by the exposure time and the lack of knowledge of biosecurity measures in the handling of these pesticides.Item Determinación del Perfil Hepàtico y su relación con la Hepatotoxicidad en Pacientes con Terapia Anticonvulsivante que asisten al Hospital General Docente Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-11-01) López Navarrete, Ángel Nolberto; Noriega Puga, Vicente Rubén Dr. MG.The liver profile is a blood test that measures the presence of some proteins and enzymes such as bilirubin, and determine whether there is any alteration or diagnose liver disease, especially in people with certain disorders or treatment with potentially toxic drugs to the liver. This research project was made in order to determine the liver function and its relationship with hepatotoxicity in patients with anticonvulsant therapy attending the General Teaching Hospital Ambato, for this research involved 70 patients both men and women are treated in outpatient (epilepsy) in the H.P.D.A. these patients were took blood samples in order to determine whether or not hepatotoxicity, I underwent various liver tests and determined that if any changes thereof, the results of the various tests we got to alterations in liver profile and that these prevailing male with 39 patients, while females are 31 patients. The hypothesis testing was also performed by the statistical test with the coefficient of variation that allowed measuring the level of sensitivity of the tests. With the data obtained through the relationship between the test liver function and patient groups in a matrix worked crusade SSPS, the null hypothesis was rejected because there is sensitivity in tests of TGP and TP so that he accepted the alternative hypothesis.