Ciencias de la Salud
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Item FOTOTERAPIA Y EXANGUINOTRANSFUSIÓN COMO TRATAMIENTO EN NEONATOS CON HIPERBILIRRUBINEMIA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) Mena Toapanta, Angela Liseth; Cusme Torres, Nadihezka AmandaIntroduction: Hyperbilirubinemia, an increase in bilirubin levels in newborns, can cause serious complications such as encephalopathy and neurologic damage if not adequately treated. Phototherapy and exchange transfusion are common therapies, but their efficacy and risks must be managed with evidence-based skilled nursing care. Objective: To evaluate the use of phototherapy and exchange transfusion as treatment in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Methodology: this is a qualitative systematic review, through an exhaustive search of scientific articles in different databases such as: Scopus, Scielo, Pubmed, Google Scholar. We also selected them through the PRISMA method. Results: We ended up with 16 articles that provide the most relevant and scientific information on phototherapy and exchange transfusion as a treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: Both phototherapy and exchange transfusion can be used as treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The choice is based on the severity of the newborn, also taking into account the safety and response of the neonate to initial treatments and the need to use more complex and invasive treatments.Item Parálisis Cerebral Infantil Hipotónica a causa de una Hipoxia Fetal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Terapia Física, 2016-11-01) Delgado Valencia, Lénin Abraham; Ortiz Villalba Lcda.Mg., Paola GabrielaIn this case report entitled "CEREBRAL PALSY CHILDREN HYPOTONIC BECAUSE OF A FETAL HYPOXIA" we will refer to the case of a 6-year-old male born in the city of Ambato Ecuadorian nationality, mixed race. Personal medical history: complication at birth; fetal hypoxia and severe hyperbilirubinemia due to medical malpractice conducted in a private clinic; where the patient's mother remained for a period of 18 hours labor causing complications den triggering a cerebral palsy in children, the same as was confirmed by assessments by specialist physician, laboratory tests and imaging respectively made in a private clinic to which was referred the patient in the city of Quito, this condition had serious problems in the psychomotor development of children who also throughout his life has presented respiratory complications that have resulted in cases of pneumonia that have not allowed the patient to maintain a regularity in physiotherapy treatment. It is noteworthy that the patient's family does not have sufficient financial resources and has therefore had to rely on grants from foundations and Manuela Espejo Solidarity Mission.Item Determinación de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (Tsh) y su relación con la Bilirrubina en Recién Nacidos con Ictericia(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-10-01) Moreno Moreno, Janeth Alexandra.; Tinajero Vásconez, María Fernanda B.Q.FJaundice is a yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the impregnation of bilirubin in the skin. Too much bilirubin is called hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn can cause brain damage called kernicterus. The thyroid is a gland located in the front of the neck, responsible for the secretion of thyroid hormones, thyroxine or T4, and triiodothyronine or T3. These hormones regulate important aspects of growth, development and functions of cells, organs and systems, metabolism of the heart, digestive tract and reproductive system, including neurons in the brain, these are affected when you do not have adequate levels. The main objective of the research is to determine the values of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), free thyroxine values (FT4) and bilirubin in newborns with jaundice. An observational, descriptive, experimental and field research was conducted in the Department of Neonatology Provincial General Hospital in Latacunga October 2015 to March 2016. The enzymatic method was used for the determination of bilirubin and for determination of TSH and FT4 Immunoassay electrochemiluminescence "ECLIA" was used. The sample consisted of 50 newborns with jaundice who were in the area of neonatology Provincial General Hospital in Latacunga. Newborns may have jaundice when total bilirubin levels reach higher figures than 2.5 mg / dL and usually have two types of jaundice. Physiologic jaundice appears after 24 hours old, poses no harm to the newborn but is used as heliotherapy treatment is the use of sunlight. Pathological jaundice appears in the first 24 hours after birth, the newborn should receive immediate treatment to prevent severe damage. In the research we had 39 newborns who had physiological jaundice corresponding to 78% and 11 newborns had jaundice pathological corresponding to 22%. Infants who have low levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and high or normal levels of free thyroxine (FT4) tell us that the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone and cause hyperthyroidism and newborns who have high levels TSH and low or normal FT4 values we indicate that the thyroid gland is not working properly and does not produce enough thyroid hormone and cause hypothyroidism. In research had 43 infants who had a normal diagnosis corresponding to 86%, 5 infants had a diagnosis of hypothyroidism is 10% and 2 newborns had a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism corresponding to 4%. Treatment for hypothyroidism should be administered levothyroxine and if you have hyperthyroidism is administered propranolol in the acute phase to reduce clinical symptoms or also radioactive iodine you get the same results but because of the risk of leukemia and cancer rarely used in pediatrics. In some cases surgical treatment is necessary.