Ciencias de la Salud

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    Guía uso de equipo presión positiva en la espiración (PEP), para eliminación de secreciones en pacientes hospitalizados con patologías respiratorias
    (2025-03-18) Ortiz Guillén, Yady Cristina; Moscoso Cordova, Grace Veronica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados
    Introduction: It has been demonstrated that positive pressure devices help eliminate secretions in patients with respiratory pathologies when there is an increase in mucus production, which can lead to complications in the airways. Inadequate management of secretions can result in obstructive atelectasis and lung injury. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of applying the guidelines for the use of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) devices for the removal of secretions in hospitalized patients with respiratory pathologies, as well as to evaluate pulmonary volumes through pre-test and post-test spirometry. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical, observational longitudinal study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, conducted at the Municipal Hospital of Women and Children in Cuenca, from October 2023 to February 2024, adhering to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, during which the efficacy of the PEP device in the elimination of secretions was assessed. Results: PEP reduces dyspnea, facilitates the clearing of pulmonary secretions, and improves pulmonary ventilation. This, in turn, reduces hospitalization times and enhances the pulmonary capacity of individuals with respiratory pathologies, allowing for an improved quality of life. In the analysis of the pre-test and post-test of FEF2575 using the Student’s t-test, there was an observed increase in FEF2575 values in the post-test compared to the pre-test, indicating that the intervention had a significant, positive impact on pulmonary function in the treated patients. Conclusions: The results showed a significant reduction in the average amount of secretions, decreasing from 16.32 ml to 7.63 ml after the intervention, demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment for the removal of secretions.
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    HOSPITALIZACIÓN PREVENIBLE EN ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICO DEGENERATIVAS: HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL Y DIABETES
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-28) Guamán Tacuri, Ana Belén; López Pérez, Grace Pamela
    Introduction: Chronic degenerative diseases are those that degrade physically and/or mentally, causing an imbalance that affects organs and tissues. Objective: Describe the importance of preventable hospitalization in chronic degenerative diseases, diabetes and high blood pressure. Method: Systematic review of literature and selection of articles using the PRISMA method. Results: 12 publications were chosen according to search keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria established for selection. Conclusions: The application of a timely health system through Primary Health Care reduces rates of complications, hospitalizations and mortality of patients diagnosed with Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, through coverage, detection and monitoring of cases, therapeutic adherence, controls frequent interventions, education and self-care of the patient, provided by the nursing staff, fulfilling their role of promotion, prevention, cure and rehabilitation
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    Resiliencia de las madres de neonatos hospitalizados
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Yansapanta Cuzco, Grace Anabel; Herrera López, José Luis Lic. Mg.
    Introduction: Children hospitalization causes negative alterations in mothers, affecting their mental and physical health. The bond between mother, son and family relationship, when demands are excessive in relation to personal resources and the environment where they develop, is affected. Objective: To determine the level of resilience of mothers with hospitalized newborns, through the application of the SV-RES resilience scale. Method: This study is a simple descriptive design with a transversal quantitative approach. The information was obtained through the application of a recollection data instrument at Ambato’s Regional Teaching Hospital, in the period between August to November 2021. Results: From the sample of mothers surveyed, it is evidenced that the percentage of general data is 56%, which indicates a medium resilience level. Likewise, the resilience level per each factor of the SV-RES scale. In terms of the “I am” level, it represents a low resilience level and a percentage equal to 54%, followed by the “I have” factor, a medium resilience level is observed with a percentage equal to 88%. Finally, in terms of the factor “I can”, it shows a low resilience level with a percentage equal to 69%. Conclusion: It is determined that the general resilience level is medium since the majority of the participant mothers whose children were hospitalized in basic areas, an area which is less critical, and they received a positive daily medical diagnostic