Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Guía uso de equipo presión positiva en la espiración (PEP), para eliminación de secreciones en pacientes hospitalizados con patologías respiratorias(2025-03-18) Ortiz Guillén, Yady Cristina; Moscoso Cordova, Grace Veronica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosIntroduction: It has been demonstrated that positive pressure devices help eliminate secretions in patients with respiratory pathologies when there is an increase in mucus production, which can lead to complications in the airways. Inadequate management of secretions can result in obstructive atelectasis and lung injury. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of applying the guidelines for the use of positive expiratory pressure (PEP) devices for the removal of secretions in hospitalized patients with respiratory pathologies, as well as to evaluate pulmonary volumes through pre-test and post-test spirometry. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical, observational longitudinal study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, conducted at the Municipal Hospital of Women and Children in Cuenca, from October 2023 to February 2024, adhering to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, during which the efficacy of the PEP device in the elimination of secretions was assessed. Results: PEP reduces dyspnea, facilitates the clearing of pulmonary secretions, and improves pulmonary ventilation. This, in turn, reduces hospitalization times and enhances the pulmonary capacity of individuals with respiratory pathologies, allowing for an improved quality of life. In the analysis of the pre-test and post-test of FEF2575 using the Student’s t-test, there was an observed increase in FEF2575 values in the post-test compared to the pre-test, indicating that the intervention had a significant, positive impact on pulmonary function in the treated patients. Conclusions: The results showed a significant reduction in the average amount of secretions, decreasing from 16.32 ml to 7.63 ml after the intervention, demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment for the removal of secretions.Item “Efectividad de las intervenciones de enfermería para disminuir la ansiedad pre-quirúrgica en familiares y pacientes que se encuentran en el hospital general Latacunga en el área de cirugía general”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2018-10-01) Cerna Estrella, Katherine Gissella; Lcda. Mg. Andrade Coronel, Neida del RocíoResearch has objective to verify interventions effectivity of nursing to reduce the anxiety pre-surgical in family and patients in general hospital of Latacunga, it is of descriptive design, direct observation, cross section, quantitative with qualitative variables. To obtain accurate results, I was used different instruments, among which we have the observational guide designed considering the NIC Interventions to reduce anxiety, I was determined de the anxiety level in a group of patients and relatives with the STAI scale; I determined the socio-economic data and its influence on the state of pre-surgical anxiety. It was determined that anxiety in this hospital has high levels with 31.9% for the patients and 38.3% for family members, as well as it was verified that the specific activities for the reduction of the pre-surgical anxiety are not executed at all and few are carried out with frequency. Subsequent these results, I was applied in other group of patients and family the intervention based on the NIC activities and elaborated by the researcher based on scientific refer, the same one that revealed positive results when obtaining low anxiety levels in a higher percentage with 40.4% for patients and 48.9 for relatives, besides I was determined that anxiety level can be increased by factors such as sex, educational level, income, previous surgeries and surgery type. Based in these results, it was proposed a protocol that look for to implement that nurse interventions with respect to this topic be more effective.Item “Influencia de la tuberculosis pulmonar en la calidad de vida de los pacientes atendidos en el área de salud N.- 2 período enero - diciembre 2013”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2014-11-01) Carrillo Cunalata, Doris Marisol; Changoluisa Paredes, Edgar Ramiro Dr.Through the history of pulmonary tuberculosis has been considered a high-risk condition for life, although in Ecuador has only been handled medically , in order to manage the patient medically , controlling management treatment, more still has neglected the psychological level , which is involved in the quality of life of sufferers , affecting their health and changing sociability; However with technological advances has managed to find new treatments that have become more bearable lifestyle of patients affected by tuberculosis , within this research study is an analysis of the disease is detailed , the procedures used in the treatment so general and specifically the relationship between the disease and the quality of life of patients treated at this clinic in 2013 , through the implementation of a survey data could be obtained once we tabulated validate the hypothesis which has been the starting point for establishing the final proposal under the criteria of the development of a protocol for the treatment and improving lifestyle of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Item “Ejercicios pliométricos en post esguince de tobillo”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Terapia Fisica, 2017-01-01) Velasco Tobar, Joffre Alfredo; Santamaría Santana, Gabriela Alexandra Lcda.This research is focused on the realization of a plan plyometric exercises to improve muscle performance and strength in patients who have suffered sprained ankle and taking into account that is not new, but it is not very common in the field of physical therapy. And it is very important to include it in the traditional treatment in the final stages. Plyometric program I run it in a proper way interacting patient therapist. The general objective arises: Identify the effectiveness of plyometrics in people who have suffered sprained ankle, the specific objectives. Analyze the benefits delos plyometric exercises. Describe the exercises used in plyometrics. Check plyometrics acts directly as both the strength and the power tas be sprained. 20 patients attending the Specialized Center of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy Integral "will be taken as population. Plyometrics thanks to its action elongation, contraction proudly act in a way to increase strength, power and improving stability in this case ankle after suffering a sprained ankle. Through this research we can conclude: that having implemented the plan plyometric in people who have suffered sprained ankle and after making assessments of muscle testing and observation was reached that the benefits are to increase strength and power muscular improving their quality of life and overran all sports.Item Eficacia de la Neurodinámica en pacientes de 40-65 años con Lumbalgia que acuden al Hospital Regional Docente Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Terapia Física, 2016-03-01) Salazar Galarza, María Fernanda; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea Carolina Lic.,Low back pain is the most common disease in the population characterized by pain in the lower back and the most common in patients attending the Regional Teaching Hospital Ambato, therefore a treatment plan was carried out with the objective of implementing additional novel techniques to conventional treatment. The Neurodynamics is a noninvasive technique that relies on the nervous system that is able to mobilize neural structures by performing a neural tension movement, which allows for a improvement of the musculoskeletal system helping the patient to improve their quality of life. This research through the test applied to patients is found to be feasible and that is in addition to credibility. The population was carried out with 30 people who were divided into two groups: control and experimental, which were assessed at baseline and end of treatment, the results were checked with the T student.por this reason a treatment protocol was implemented based on neurodynamics.