Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Caracterización de los perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2022-06-01) Moreno Avilés, Mónica Susana; Monge Moreno Dra. Mgs, . Adriana MonserrathIntroduction The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2011 declared antimicrobial resistance a public health problem and announced a global strategy against antimicrobial resistance. Objective To characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles in the Riobamba General Hospital in 2020. Methodology The present project used a quantitative, retrospective study of analysis of information from the Vitek equipment database of bacterial cultures and susceptibility tests of the year 2020, it is quasi-experimental and of intervention since the WHONET software was used for the elaboration of the antimicrobial susceptibility primer. Results The microorganisms frequently isolated in 2020 were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, S. aureus and epidermidis. Urine and stool samples were the most prevalent, in addition, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were evidenced in pharyngeal secretion samples. The presence of carbapenem resistance was revealed in K. pneumoniae; and the prevalence of BLEE in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella. Conclusions: By characterizing the antimicrobial resistance profiles at the Riobamba General Hospital, the Institution's annual antimicrobial susceptibility primer was designed.Item Caracterización físicoquímica y bacteriológica de aguas de la laguna del quilotoa de la zona central del ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clinico, 2020-07-01) Llagua Arévalo Tannia Verónica; Galárraga Pérez Edison Arturo Dr.MgThe purpose of this document is to characterize the water of the Laguna de Quilotoa in physical chemical and bacteriological parameters, the influx of tourists visiting their own and foreign tourists is the most representative for Ecuador, making it a health problem for people living in the surroundings of the same, for the study of this lagoon it was planned that it is descriptive and exploratory, where parameters that will help us determine the existence of bacteria that are present in the waters of the Laguna del Quilotoa will be analyzed; The values obtained in the Laboratory of the Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Campus Querochaca were compared with those established by the CLSI standards, the OMS and Water Quality Regulations among them are: Environmental Quality Standard and Effluent Discharge: Water Resources Water Quality Standard DS N ° 031-2010-SA, Water Quality Standard. With the biochemical tests for the identification of bacteria we found five types of bacteria among them we have Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, cataloged by OMS as pathogenic bacteria presenting certain sensitivity to medications.Item Caracterización físicoquímica y bacteriológica de aguas de la laguna del Quilotoa de la zona central del Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2020-02-01) Llagua Arévalo, Tannia Verónica; Galárraga Pérez, Edison Arturo Dr. Mg.The purpose of this document is to characterize the water of the Laguna de Quilotoa in physical chemical and bacteriological parameters, the influx of tourists visiting their own and foreign tourists is the most representative for Ecuador, making it a health problem for people living in the surroundings of the same, for the study of this lagoon it was planned that it is descriptive and exploratory, where parameters that will help us determine the existence of bacteria that are present in the waters of the Laguna del Quilotoa will be analyzed; The values obtained in the Laboratory of the Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Campus Querochaca were compared with those established by the CLSI standards, the OMS and Water Quality Regulations among them are: Environmental Quality Standard and Effluent Discharge: Water Resources Water Quality Standard DS N ° 031-2010-SA, Water Quality Standard. With the biochemical tests for the identification of bacteria we found five types of bacteria among them we have Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, cataloged by OMS as pathogenic bacteria presenting certain sensitivity to medications.Item “Caracterización físicoquímica y bacteriológica de aguas de la laguna de colta de la zona central del Ecuador”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2019-02-01) López Vargas, Mayra Amanda; Zurita Aucancela, María Fernanda Lic.The objective of the present study is to characterize the physical-chemical and bacteriological parameters, in order to determine the water quality index of Laguna de Colta, for the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, it is a sanitary problem for all dwellers What is happening with this sector, for what was proposed in a descriptive and exploratory study, where the bacteria that are present in the water of the Lagunas de Colta were identified? Likewise, the analysis of the physical - chemical parameters was carried out, where water quality was determined for irrigation and agriculture according to TULSMA quality indexes. Through the tests carried out, three bacterial strains were identified, which are: Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae are all pathogenic where the WHO says, in which they are sensitive to antibiotics (OFX, CN, CRO, SXT, FEP, AK, FF) in addition to an acquired disease such as AMC-CXM and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed resistance to AMC, determining that it is a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (BLEA) due to the production of a SHV-1 enzyme. Compared with the water quality indexes (ICA), the water of the Colta lagoon represents an average of 50% that indicates that it is in the middle of the contamination, and that it needs a treatment for the seawater in Irrigation.Item “Caracterización físico – química y bacteriológica de aguas de la laguna de yambo de la zona central del Ecuador”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2019-01-01) Díaz Erriaz, Andrea del Pilar; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia Ing. Mg.The present objective is to investigate the water quality of the Yambo lagoon, according to its physical, chemical and bacteriological characteristics, for which a quasi-experimental study was carried out, determining several water parameters according to TULSMA, obtaining high values mostly , the bacteria present in the lagoon water were determined, for this a 6 point sample of the lagoon was taken, both in the morning and in the afternoon; 3M petrifilm media for aerobic, S. aureus, coli / coliforms, were isolated from the latter, 98% of which was established by the WHO, so the identification of the type of bacteria was enhanced, and 8 types of bacteria were determined. belonging to the enterobacteria, finally proceeded to perform the antibiogram according to CLSI 2018.Item “Identificación de agentes bacterianos causantes de infecciones de oído y su relación con la resistencia a los antimicrobianos”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2018-02-01) Arias Negrete, María Fernanda.; Tabares Rosero, Lourdes Gioconda Dra. Mg.The aim of the present study was to identify the bacterial agents that cause ear infections and their relationship with antimicrobial resistance for which a descriptive, transversal study is proposed, where bacteria were identified present in the ear secretion samples from patients using protocols established by CLSI and also bacterial resistance using the Kirby-Bauer antibiogram method. The 55 patients who participated in the study were in the age range between 18 to 55 years. From cultured samples the isolated bacteria were: Staphylococcus epidermidis with a percentage of 62.0%, Staphylococcus aureus with a percentage of 32.0% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a percentage of 6.0%. By relating the bacteria identified with ear infections we can say that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomona aeruginosa are considered pathogenic bacteria and Staphylococcus epidermidis is considered a normal ear microbiota. It is possible to indicate that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the only one that presents resistance to the antimicrobials of habitual use to the ear treatment infections.Item Neumonía Atípica de Focos Múltiples(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Pila Herrera, Luis Xavier; Villacís Valencia, Sandra Elizabeth Dra. Esp.Pneumonia is an inflammatory response of the lung parenchyma to the arrival of microorganisms to the distal airway of immunocompetent persons who have not been admitted. The term atypical pneumonia describes the unusual manifestation of pneumonia; it is characterized by respiratory symptoms, fever and radiological findings. Their common origin are bacteria and viruses, difficult to differentiate clinically varies by age group and the likely site where the infection was acquired. It is described as pneumonia caused by a group of relatively common pathogens (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Legionella spp and some viruses). Globally, it has high morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients and those with significant comorbidities. Patient of 51-year-old with negative personal medical history. Go to present 3 days ago about before admission abdominal pain localized level epigastric, stabbing type, which worsens with breathing, mild to moderate intensity that radiates to right costal margin accompanied by malaise, asthenia, hyporexia by what comes to physician for evaluation who imaging test indicates being in the chest radiograph and bilateral interstitial alveolar infiltrates predominantly right who said income from patient to hospital for therapeutic management. Conscious, oriented, hydrated, no fever patient, Glaswegian 15/15, 80% oxygen saturation Head; normocephalic, Oral Mucous; wet, oropharynx; no failure, Neck: symmetrical, assets and liabilities retained movements, lymphadenopathy, heart; rhythmic heart sounds, no murmurs, Thorax: symmetrical, expandability decreased, mild tenderness level right costal margin, Lung Bilateral crackles basal predominantly right abdomen; depressible soft mild tenderness epigastric level, Tips; symmetrical, no edema, pulses present, filled capillary 2 seconds.Item Coinfección VIH más Tuberculosis Miliar orientado con la Atención de Enfermerí(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Enfermería, 2016-10-01) López Núñez, Angel Norberto; . Herrera López, José Luis Lcdo. MgThis work is done in order to analyze the intervention and application of nursing care in HIV affected more miliary tuberculosis patient clothing, which will be aimed at improving the health and quality of life of the patient. Tuberculosis can be very difficult to detect in people with HIV. Testing for TB is usually negative in people infected with HIV and TB, which can delay diagnosis. In addition, people infected with latent TB bacteria can contract the disease rapidly when HIV weakens the immune system. All this, along with the added difficulty of treating both diseases at once, has resulted in high mortality rates in patients with TB and HIV. This work bears the case of a male patient aged 32 diagnosed with HIV more miliary tuberculosis clothing, why has brought a number of problems and effects on their health and activities of daily life. The patient is on antiretroviral and TB treatment because of its many affectations that has seen neurological and digestive level; it has been the need for interdepartmental services with Psychology and Nutrition at the Health Center closest to your residence. In the case analysis may detail nursing care the patient received, if they were in line with the established management protocol, in addition to analyzing a priority education, training and emotional support to the patient and his mother; which it is of great importance to be able to positively adapt to changes and minimize complications that arise; to achieve this objective a plan of nursing intervention based on functional patterns of M. Gordon and taxonomy NANDA NIC and NOC which is aimed at the patient and family on a guide behaviors and care to follow for maintenance is made optimal lifestyle.Item Coinfección VIH más Tuberculosis Miliar orientado con la atención de Enfermería(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Enfermería, 2016-09-01) López Núñez, Angel Norberto; Herrera López, José LuisLcdo. Mg.This work is done in order to analyze the intervention and application of nursing care in HIV affected more miliary tuberculosis patient clothing, which will be aimed at improving the health and quality of life of the patient. Tuberculosis can be very difficult to detect in people with HIV. Testing for TB is usually negative in people infected with HIV and TB, which can delay diagnosis. In addition, people infected with latent TB bacteria can contract the disease rapidly when HIV weakens the immune system. All this, along with the added difficulty of treating both diseases at once, has resulted in high mortality rates in patients with TB and HIV. This work bears the case of a male patient aged 32 diagnosed with HIV more miliary tuberculosis clothing, why has brought a number of problems and effects on their health and activities of daily life. The patient is on antiretroviral and TB treatment because of its many affectations that has seen neurological and digestive level; it has been the need for interdepartmental services with Psychology and Nutrition at the Health Center closest to your residence. In the case analysis may detail nursing care the patient received, if they were in line with the established management protocol, in addition to analyzing a priority education, training and emotional support to the patient and his mother; which it is of great importance to be able to positively adapt to changes and minimize complications that arise; to achieve this objective a plan of nursing intervention based on functional patterns of M. Gordon and taxonomy NANDA NIC and NOC which is aimed at the patient and family on a guide behaviors and care to follow for maintenance is made optimal lifestyle.