Ciencias de la Salud
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Item RIESGO DE ABUSO DE SUSTANCIAS RELACIONADO CON LA BAJA AUTOESTIMA EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE ENFERMERÍA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Pastrano Ripalda, Karen Stefanía; Jimenez Hurtado, William AndrésHuman beings live in a social environment and constantly seek to integrate into groups to interact, which allows them to develop the social skills necessary to lead a satisfactory life. Self-esteem is essential for good assertiveness, which is a key aspect within society. People with low self-esteem are more likely to experience problems related to substance abuse, especially students who also face academic stress, considered today as one of the biggest challenges for young college students. The objectives of the study focused on assessing the risk of substance abuse associated with low self-esteem in students, collecting information on the characteristics of self-esteem in a group of students and analyzing the obsessive and compulsive cognitive aspects related to alcohol consumption. This is a quantitative study, with a non-experimental, crosssectional design and a descriptive scope. The technique used was the survey, and the instruments used were two questionnaires. The sample was composed of 160 people who were in the first and seventh semesters of the career, selected through a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. The data were organized into statistical tables using Excel and interpreted through the SPSS statistical system. The results showed that there is a high risk of tobacco abuse in women with low self-esteem and it is particularly noticeable within the group of students who participated in the research. The study has identified an important relationship between low self-esteem and the risk of substance abuse in nursing students.Item El bienestar psicológico y el consumo de alcohol en adultos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-08-01) Condorcana Pérez, Dayana Mishel; Mena Freire Ps. Cl. Mgs., Marco AntonioAlcohol consumption is a social issue that affects both young and adult populations, and its excessive or risky use can have detrimental effects on mental and emotional health. High alcohol consumption can decrease psychological well-being, which is characterized by life satisfaction, positive self-acceptance, healthy interpersonal relationships, a sense of purpose, and continuous personal growth. The primary objective of this study is to establish the relationship between psychological well-being and alcohol consumption using a quantitative method with a descriptive-correlational approach. The sample includes 110 adults, with an average age of 38.9, of whom 68% are men and 42% are women. The instruments used are the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale with 39 items and the AUDIT Questionnaire, which assesses the level of risk in alcohol consumption. The results indicate a close negative relationship between psychological well-being and alcohol consumption, with no significant gender differences in consumption patterns. This pattern reflects an evolution in social and cultural norms, with women increasingly engaging in drinking practices traditionally associated with men. The increase in risky consumption can lead to negative consequences for psychological well-being.Item Actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y estrategias de afrontamiento en integrantes de grupos de Narcóticos Anónimos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-03-01) Tamayo Bonilla, Jenny Fernanda; Mejía Rubio, Andrea del Rocío Ps. Cl. Mgs.El consumo de sustancias es una problemática psicosocial que aborda aspectos internos, como los fenómenos psíquicos en la relación de las actitudes individuales y las estrategias de afrontamiento, los cuales generan un impacto crucial en la salud mental y el bienestar emocional. Se estableció la relación entre las actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las estrategias de afrontamiento en integrantes de grupos de Narcóticos Anónimos (N.A).El estudio fue de tipo no experimental y cuantitativo, incluyó a 130 participantes de 18 a 70 años. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el Autoinforme de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (AICA) y el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento (CSI).Dentro de los principales hallazgos, se observó una correlación positiva leve entre las actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las estrategias de afrontamiento; así mismo, la mayoría de la población presentó una actitud desfavorable frente al consumo de sustancias, siendo las estrategias de afrontamiento predominantes la resolución de problemas, apoyo social y evitación del problema; además se halló una mayor actitud desfavorable en mujeres en comparación con los hombres. Las actitudes desfavorables frente al consumo de sustancias refieren una tendencia hacia la adopción de estrategias de afrontamiento para lidiar con diversas situaciones estresantes, además contribuye a la prevención de posibles riesgos asociados con el uso de drogas o alcohol.Item Discapacidad y calidad de vida en adultos institucionalizados por consumo de sustancias(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-03-01) Parra Fauta, Daily de los Angeles; Mena Freire, Marco Antonio Ps. Cl. Mgs.En el ámbito de la salud pública a nivel global, el consumo problemático de sustancias representa una preocupación significativa, particularmente en grupos vulnerables como los adultos institucionalizados. En este contexto, la relación entre discapacidad y calidad de vida adquiere relevancia, ya que ambos aspectos están intrínsecamente ligados a la salud física y psicológica de estas personas. Este estudio, realizado en centros especializados en Ecuador, se propuso determinar dicha relación en adultos de 18 a 50 años. A través de un enfoque cuantitativo correlacional con 101 participantes de género masculino, se identificó una correlación negativa leve entre la calidad de vida y las dimensiones de discapacidad en movilidad y cuidado personal. No obstante, no se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre el total de las variables ni diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos de edad. En conclusión, se evidenció que a medida que la disfuncionalidad en movilidad y cuidado personal aumenta, la calidad de vida tiende a disminuir de manera leve en este segmento de la población.Item Estados emocionales y su relación con el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de bachilleratos emocionales y su relación con el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de bachillerato(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-02-01) Campos Nuñez, Oscar Ivan; Mayorga Morales, Silvia GracielaLic. MgAdolescence is a complex stage where changes occur at the physical, cognitive and emotional level, therefore, emotional intelligence allows the development of abilities and skills to avoid alcohol consumption in adolescents, becoming a personal protective factor. Objective: To identify the relationship of emotional states with alcohol consumption in adolescents from the “Huambaló Educational Unit”. Material and methods: this research used a non-experimental methodological design, opting for a cross-sectional cohort quantitative epistemological-methodological paradigm. The population was made up of adolescents between the ages of 14 and 17 from the Huambaló Educational Unit, with a census sample of 185. Through the survey instrument, information was recorded on the variables: emotional states, those that relate it to alcohol consumption in adolescents Results: Regarding the incidence ratios of alcohol consumption, it is observed that adolescents between 14 and 17 years of age consume alcohol by 15.1%, increasing consumption rates as they reach adulthood. 10.8% of those who ingest liquor affirm that it changes their moods. Similarly, a 64.3% range of sadness and depression is observed in the surveyed population, which affects adolescents consuming liquor. Conclusions: Permissive parenting habits, lack of communication in the family environment and lack of skills and emotional strategies to cope with stress, depression and sadness affect alcohol consumption in adolescents.Item Relatos de experiencias de adolescentes infractores sobre el consumo de drogas ilicitas(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Lozada Castro, Katherin Dayana; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy Cristina Dra.ntroduction: Drug use is a public health problem that affects many countries due to the widespread traffic and the risk of initiation into these substances, a fact that occurs with a higher prevalence in adolescence, and may influence legal and social consequences such as committing crimes. Objective: To analyze the experiences of adolescent offenders on the consumption of illicit drugs. Methods: A qualitative-descriptive and field research was carried out, through semi-structural interviews with subjects involved in the study phenomenon with prior signed consent. Ethical aspects of protection of privacy and the reliability of the information were taken care of. For the analysis of the information, the methodology of Demaziere D. and Dubar C was used, by means of the word-by-word transcription of each interview and the triangulation of the data obtained. Results: Four categories are identified as a product of the key informants' discourse: Entering the world of consumption; family relationship and close people; consequence of drug use and future of the adolescent consumer. Conclusions: Various factors that influence drug use were identified, such as people, environment and perception of positive effects. Among the consequences of the use of these substances, violence and crime stand out. The life prospects of adolescents are to move away from the world of consumptionItem “Factores asociados al consumo de drogas en la unidad educativa espíritu santo del cantón Ambato”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2018-03-01) Villacís Vargas, Tania Marisol; Gavilanes Fray, Verónica del Pilar Lcda. Esp.The consumption of drugs in adolescents around the world is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon that derives from the combination of several elements, so the main research objective of this research project was to analyze the factors associated with drug use (personal, susceptibility, benefits and severity) in the adolescents of the Espíritu Santo Educational Unit of the Ambato canton. For the development of the project, a descriptive methodology of bibliographic-documentary and field modality was used, which included 23 adolescents from the eighth to the third year of the unified general baccalaureate to whom the survey technique was applied, which was structured on the basis of beliefs (Rosenstock Model) and related to drug use. The investigation allowed to conclude that the majority of students consume drugs or have consumed them at some point in their lives, it was established that men are more susceptible to their experimentation and consumption, in ages between 17 and 20 years of age (late adolescence ) and whose family structure is single parent (1 single parent), it was also determined that among the main benefits that adolescents receive with drug use are those of the individual aspect such as forgetting problems, reducing stress-anxiety, and in the group aspect: social acceptance and ease to form bonds of friendship, finally that the severity of drug consumption is not perceived by adolescents, who assume that both the cultural model and their families and educational institutions exaggerate the damage they cause. INTRODUCCIÓNItem “Consumo de alcohol y autoestima en adolescentes”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2017-11-01) Solís Solís, Lourdes Elizabeth; Guerrero Vaca, Darío Javier.Ps. Cl. MstThe present research aimed to identify the relationship between alcohol consumption and self-esteem in high school students of the "Unidad Educativa Pujilí", in the province of Cotopaxi, Pujilí canton, the research was carried out on a total population of 390 students from both genders aged 14 to 21 years. For the exploration of the variable alcohol consumption was assessed with the Alcohol Dependence Disorders Identification Questionnaire (AUDIT); On the other hand, the self-esteem variable was evaluated using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSG). Hypothesis testing was performed using the Chi - Square (x2) statistical method, which allowed the existence of a relationship between the variables alcohol consumption and self - esteem in the studied population to be verified, with the adolescent population being in low self - esteem, ingests this substance and that its consumption can possibly affect in academic, social and familiar areas in which it develops. As well, the distribution in terms of alcohol consumption, the majority of the population focused on risk consumption; while in the self-esteem levels a higher proportion in medium and low self-esteem was evidenced. Therefore, the present research was able to contribute with empirical data on the influence of alcohol consumption on self-esteem in adolescents, a problem that directly affects the normal development of adolescents.Item “la relación entre el grado de asertividad y el riesgo de consumo de alcohol en los estudiantes del colegio Galo Miño” en Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2017-03-01) Guachamín Vargas, Ana Dolores; Gaibor González, Ismael Álvaro Ps. Cl. Msc.The present research work on the relationship between the degree of assertiveness and the risk of alcohol consumption in the students of the Colegio Galo Miño with the years of high school of the two specialties offered by the institution for the information necessary for this research was obtained Through the collection of data with Gambrill and Richey Assertion Inventory (AI) to determine the degree of discomfort in the subject, the estimated probability for assertive behavior to manifest, and the situations in which The evaluated one is more or less assertive, and the Questionnaire for the Risk of Consumption, with which it is tried the situations that tend to the consumption of alcohol in the adolescents. In the process, 110 high school students were evaluated, which showed that there was a relationship between the two variables, finding that 38% of those evaluated do not have assertive behaviors, which represents a moderate risk of alcohol consumption. Thus, adolescents who do not possess assertive behaviors are more likely to have moderate to severe risk of consuming alcohol in their adolescence, which triggers problems in the three main areas of development such as family, social and school personnel, As well as risk of consumption of other types of illegal stimulant substances that would cause great harm to adolescents and their families.Item Factores de Riesgo Intrafamiliares Relacionados con el consumo de Alcohol. Población del EU 06. Pujilí, 2015 – 2016.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Nery Hermelinda Md, Balseca Guamán; Leticia, Remón Ramírez Dra. Esp.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research work aims to identify risk factors related to domestic alcohol consumption in the population of the EU 06. Pujilí, with the sample to 106 consumers of alcohol, a study was conducted Relational observational level, the information was obtained by applying the test Use Disorders Identification test (AUDIT) and evaluation of Family Functioning (FF SILL), after an analysis of the results obtained by calculating the Pearson Chi-square for verification of the hypothesis, approving the Alternatively, assuming that the intra-family factors influence alcohol consumption. We designed an educational strategy. The family doctor through the longitudinal nature of the attention given has the opportunity to observe all members of the family, all that puts it in a very advantageous to perform counseling or family intervention position.