Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER

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    BIOMARCADORES SANGUÍNEOS EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER. UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
    (2025-02-25) Morales Ulloa, Cristopher Ismael; Guangasig Toapanta, Víctor Hernán; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico
    Alzheimer's disease (AD), is the leading cause of dementia in those over 65 years of age and responsible for 50-60% of global cases, its definitive diagnosis is by tests that identify amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles in the brain. However, the use of these tests is limited due to their invasive nature and high cost. This study is based on a descriptive investigation of literature documents with a retrospective analysis. For the collection of information, various databases such as PudMED, Scielo, Scopus were consulted. During the bibliographic search, 16 articles related to the subject of the study were found, for which the PRISMA methodology was used. This article analyzes the usefulness and reliability of blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in its different stages. It points out the need to improve some markers such as Aβ42/Aβ40 assays and the accuracy of different forms of p-tau. In addition, it explores other promising biomarkers such as neurofilament light (NfL), GFAP and synaptic markers. The article emphasizes the importance of further research to develop more robust tests to match the efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and positron emission tomography (PET).
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    TERAPÉUTICA CON ANTICUERPOS MONOCLONALES EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-25) Maliza Moposita, Johanna Abigail; Salazar Garcés, Luis Fabián
    Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is a slow and progressive neurodegenerative pathology, characterised by cognitive impairment and decreased independence in daily personal activities. Objective: To identify the main advances made in the last 5 years in monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: This is a systematic review based on a search of studies, trials and meta-analyses using Google and Google Scholar search engines and through national and international databases such as: BVS, Dialnet, Medline, Scielo and Elsevier, Mediagraphic, Springer, Scopus. Results: When using monoclonal antibodies as a therapeutic option, there is no evidence of significant changes either at the beginning or in the advanced disease process and further studies are needed to establish their use, however, it is clear that monoclonal antibodies against Aβ can indeed improve activities of daily living. Conclusions: Due to the limited number of available trials, statistical significance was only found for bapineuzumab, an antibody directed against the N-terminus of Aβ. It not only demonstrated an ability to improve cognition and function, but also showed improvements in activities of daily living in terms of efficacy. However, it is important to note that bapineuzumab administration was associated with the occurrence of serious adverse events and requires further analysis when recommending its use.