Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Expresión de las proteínas bax y bcl2 en células de cáncer de mama in vitro tratadas con amaranthus hipochondriacus(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Medicina, 2020-10-01) Pérez Carrasco, María Cristina; Acosta Acosta, JosuéDr. Esp.Introduction: Breast cancer is a systemic, multifactorial disease that is produced by a malignant, accelerated, disorderly proliferation of cells with mutated genes, a situation that due to its high incidence and mortality has become a global health problem. In 2017 according to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC); breast cancer ranks 11th among the leading causes of death in women. Between the years 2012 and 2017; 99.3% of the deaths were female; in 2017, 670 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer and 3 men died; representing a mortality rate of 3.99 per 100,000 Ecuadorians. The disadvantages caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy are considerable, generating secondary and collateral effects that may or may not appear in the patient, which is why numerous investigations are focused on the search for treatment alternatives such as the beneficial use of medicinal plants. Ecuador being a megadiverse country; it is possible to find natural species with multiple benefits and properties; which can contribute to studies to search for possible cancer treatments. Objective: To determine the expression of BAX and BCL2 in MCF-7 cells treated with extract of Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Methodology: In the present work, the effects on breast cancer cells (MCF-7), treated with Amaranthus hypochondriacus extract, were investigated and the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis was determined by q RT-PCR. Results: BAX expression was higher in MCF-7 cells treated with Amaranthus hypochondriacus, while BCL-2 expression had a similar behavior to the control group. In both cases, no statistically significant differences were obtained. Conclusion: The optimal dose of 1,451 microliters of Amaranthus hypochondriacus extract may favor apoptosis in the breast cancer cell line, therefore, its study could be expanded as a possible adjuvant in treatment. Recommendation: Carry out more quantitative analyzes, where the expression of proteins after exposure is investigated with the extract of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, in addition to investigating other natural products with the sole purpose of a search for possible alternatives for the treatment against cancer.Item “Actividad anti-metastásica y anti-proliferativa de los extractos de plantas ilex guayusa, uncaria tomentosa y croton lechleri, en la línea celular mcf7 de cáncer de mama”(2020-01-01) Cortez Pinto, Juan Carlos; Bustillos Ortiz, Alberto AlcidesPhD.Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women worldwide, among the most common neoplasms in the female sex followed by cervical, thyroid, stomach and colorectal cancer; breast cancer is the neoplasm that has the greatest impact in Ecuadorian women. In this context, Ecuador is a country with a great biodiversity in flora and ethnicities, where plants have been used over time as a treatment for various diseases. Ancestral knowledge and the use of plants in the country are transmitted empirically, hence the importance of derived research that provides a scientific sustenance of their effects. The objective of the research was to evaluate the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effect of Ilex guayusa, Uncaria tomentosa and Croton lechleri extracts on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The extracts were obtained by maceration in 96% ethanol, distillation, freeze-dried and resuspended in PBS 1X. I know used the MFC-7 cell line for the surface adhesion-dependent clonogenic assay, as well as for the assay called Soft Agar, each assay consisted of evaluating the effect of various concentrations of the extracts, with such concentrations being 3 µg/µL, 0.3 µg/µL and 0.03 µg/µL. The results showed that several of the extracts analyzed possessed an anti-proliferative activity on MCF-7, with Croton lechleri extract having the greatest effect in inhibiting cell proliferation. Furthermore, the Soft Agar trial, made it possible to determine that the extracts of Ilex guayusa had an anti-metastasic activity dependent on concentration, the higher concentration effect; Uncaria tomentosa and Croton lechleri had a greater effect in inducing metastasis, where total effectiveness was observed in dilutions 3 µg/µL and 0.3 µg/µL; presenting in the dilution 0.03 µg/µL of Croton lechleri a significantly positive anti-metastasic activity compared to Positive Control. The results were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) Conpos Test de Tukey, obtaining a significance of ≤ 0.05 which allows us to accept the alternating hypothesis.Item “Estudio de la expresión de genes inductores de apoptosis en línea celular mcf-7 en respuesta al tratamiento de los extractos de las plantas ilex guayusa, uncaria tomentosa y croton lechleri”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2019-10-01) Canseco Arrunategui, Maritza Angelica; Bustillos Ortiz PhD., Alcides AlbertoBreast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women around the world, despite advances in medicines and therapies, it remains a public health problem, for this reason it is still necessary to investigate new active compounds that could become candidates for the development of new drugs. In this context, Ecuador is a highly diversified country with a significant number of ancestral plants to which indigenous communities attribute anti-proliferative and anti-carcinogenic properties. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect on the expression of the Bax and bcl-2 genes by polymerase chain reaction in real time (qrt-PCR) extracts of Ilex guayusa, Uncaria tomentosa and Croton lechleri in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. The extracts were obtained by maceration in ethanol at 96%, lyophilization and were resuspended in PBS 1X. The MFC-7 cell line was treated with the various extracts at a concentration of 3ug/ul for 24 hours. The total RNA was then extracted from the treated cells and its concentration was determined. cDNA was then synthesized and the expression of the Bax and bcl-2 genes was evaluated using a real time PCR. The obtained results showed that the ethanolic extract of Croton lechleri increased the expression of the Bax gene (p<0.05) and decreased the expression of bcl-2 (p<0.001) in relation to MCF7 cells not treated with the extract. The other two excerpts were inconclusive. The results were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) in addition to a post-hoc Tukey analysis. The significance for Bax was <0.0002 and <0.0001 for bcl-2 between treatments, which is why the alternate hypothesis was accepted.Item “Actividad citotóxica de extractos de uncaria tomentosa y mansoa alliacea en líneas celulares de cáncer de mama”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2018-09-01) Bustos Ulloa, Pamela Lizbeth; Lcda. Proaño Pérez, María Elizabeth Mg.Breast cancer is a disease that has claimed the lives of many women around the world, due to it is great impact on the population this disease represents a critical public health problem that requires more research at the therapeutic level. In Ecuador the use of ancestral medicine to relieve infectious diseases through plants with antitumor properties is a custom that has been preserved up to now. Given that our country has considerable botanical diversity, it increases the motivation to evaluate and corroborate the properties attributed to them. This research project aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of ethanolic extracts of Uncaria tomentosa y Mansoa alliacea on breast cancer cell lines by means of techniques of culture and cell viability. Several studies describe that the extracts of these species generate a toxic effect on tumor cells, which makes them candidates to be studied chemically and pharmacologically with broad future perspectives. In this research the extracts of the species Uncaria tomentosa and Mansoa alliacea were obtained through maceration techniques with ethanol. The concentrates were lyophilized and resuspended in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline), likewise, the amount of proteins was quantified using Bradford technique. The results from the MTT cell viability assay were: for the extract of Uncaria tomentosa an IC50 of 0.0903µg/mL, while for Mansoa alliacea it was 0.2205µg/mL. Finally, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out in addition to a Tukey post-hoc analysis. Significance less than <0.05 was obtained, which is why the alternative hypothesis was accepted, that described: Uncaria tomentosa and Mansoa alliacea extracts have cytotoxic activity on the MCF-7 ATCC® HTB-22 ™ cell line.