Ciencias de la Salud
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Item NUTRIGENÓMICA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DEL CÁNCER(2025-06-18) Romero Meza Jennifer Nathaly; Cruz Hidalgo Pablo Andrés; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaCancer is a disease that represents one of the leading causes of death worldwide and generates an extremely high economic impact on public health systems. However, a considerable number of cancer cases could be prevented through the adoption of appropriate dietary habits and the intake of foods rich in nutrients and bioactive substances. The aim of the present study is to synthesize and evaluate the effects and efficacy of certain bioactive compounds in the prevention of genetic alterations, improvement of the immune system or reduction of systemic inflammation that may lead to cancer. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, in which studies from the last 5 years found in the Cochrane Library database were included. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 16 randomized clinical trials were included. Which revealed and support that the incorporation of bioactive compounds present in food, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates, omega- 3 fatty acids, terpenes, phytosterols, lignans and antioxidants has a positive impact on cancer prevention by influencing various molecular mechanisms associated with it.Item IMPACTO DE LA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL COMO DESENCADENANTE DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON(2025-06-13) Morales Villacis Karen Alexandra; Padilla Vinueza Verónica Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de MedicinaYears ago, it was believed that the gut microbiota only played a role in the digestion process. Today, it is known that it has a crucial impact on neurological health, to the extent that it has been associated with the development of Parkinson's disease. The objective of this research work is to analyze the role of the microbiota as a trigger for Parkinson's disease. This is a review of the literature related to gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease, which involved the collection and analysis of published bibliography over the last five years in both English and Spanish, yielding significantly relevant conclusions. Recent studies suggest that alterations in microbiota composition influence inflammation and metabolism, contributing factors to the progression of this disease. It is concluded that the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain, known as the gut-brain axis, underscores the importance of microbiota in modulating the central nervous system, as it initiates systemic inflammatory processes that significantly influence the onset of Parkinson's disease.Item Eficacia pronóstica de la relación plaquetas / linfocitos y la relación neutrófilos / linfocitos en pacientes con cáncer gástrico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) López Altamirano, Joselyn Macarena; Rosero Freire, Daniela Alexandra Lic. Mg.Cancer is the main cause of death before age 70. Gastric cancer (GC) is responsible for 1 in 13 deaths worldwide and is predominant in men. Inflammation is closely related to cancer, as it activates differentblood cells such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, etc. A bibliographic review was carried out to collect and analyze studies concerning the prognostic efficacy of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) andplatelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with gastric cancer. Upon analysis, several studies indicatedthat elevated values of both NLR and PLR show poor prognosis. However, we suggest that more research is needed to obtain cutoff values according to GC staging, in order to bea helpful tool in GC diagnosis and prognosisItem Proceso de atención de enfermería en pacientes con artritis juvenil(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-09-01) Toaquiza Espín, Andrea Mishell; López Pérez, Grace Pamela Lic. Mg.Juvenile Arthritis is a disease that affects during childhood, it is characterized by inflammation, destruction and wear of the joints, so being a great health problem because it can cause disability or even death. In this case, the nursing staff must be well connected with the patients due to the fundamental role of the nurse which is to reduce symptoms and improve the patient's lifestyle. Objective: To provide comprehensive nursing care to the patient with Juvenile Arthritis by applying the Nursing Care Process and using the NANDA Taxonomy. Method: A descriptive bibliographic review was carried out in the different scientific databases: Google Scholar, Scielo, Elsevier, PubMed, and through the DECS: Arthritis, inflammation, joints, polyarthritis. Results: Most of the reviewed articles agree that Juvenile Arthritis is a health problem that causes a clinical profile during childhood, because it generally causes joint deformity so reducing physical activity. It is essential to emphasize the importance of timely treatment in order to improve the patients’ lifestyle. Conclusions: The NANDA Taxonomy allows to health staff to identify interventions based on optimal care for the patient through symptomatology that allows to prioritize the care in an integral way and demonstrating the improvement of health and mood of the patients and the family.Item “Artritis reumatoide seronegativa en paciente con complicación séptica pulmonar.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2018-05-01) Rodríguez Jordán, Jessica Alexandra; Morocho Llano, Domingo Dr. Esp.Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic, chronic disease characterized mainly by inflammation of the joints, producing pain, deformity and difficulty in movement, although it can also affect other parts of the body, presenting extra-articular manifestations. The cytokines act as soluble mediators responsible for the inflammatory process, affecting, mainly the synovial membrane of the joints, with an estimated prevalence of 0.5-1% of the world population. The onset of the disease is usually insidious, with the predominant symptoms of pain, stiffness and joint edema. The early use of medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease modifying drugs and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors can significantly change the clinical course of RA, thus preventing joint damage and disability. It presents a low frequency of spontaneous healing, with an optimal treatment a good control of the disease is achieved in most cases.Item “Evaluación microbiológica de onfalitis en niños recien nacidos, en las parroquias rurales del cantón Saquisilí”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2017-02-01) Acosta Toapanta, María José; Toro Villa, Lissette del Pilar Lic. Msc.The research project had as main objective to evaluate microorganisms of omphalitis, in newborn children, in the rural parishes of Saquisilí canton. Microbiological cultures were performed; In addition, it was possible to verify that there aren’t asepsis measures in the navel of the newborn, with these data could verify the hypothesis. The study was performed on 50 newborns of whom 24 were men, which means 48%; and 26 were women, representing 52%; the newborns’ ages were between 4 and 12 days of birth, with an average of 9 days, where the samples were taken. The 50 samples analyzed, they were taken from the navel secretion corresponding to 100%. In the 50 isolated samples there were bacterial growth, in which were found as pathogens: Escherichia coli in 12 cases it represents 24%, Proteus mirabilis in 2 cases represents 4%, Sthaphylococcus aureus in 13 cases it represents 26%, Sthaphylococcus epidermidis in 22 cases it represents 44%, Sthaphylococcus saprophyticus in 1 chars represents 2%. A continuous study of the incidence and prevalence of microorganisms and greater care should be taken with patient management to avoid posterior infections.