Ciencias de la Salud
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Item USO DE MÉTODOS ANTICONCEPTIVOS EN UNA COMUNIDAD INDÍGENA DE LA SIERRA ECUATORIANA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-02) Punina Punina, Lucia Margarita; Moyano Calero, Willian EudrillirContraceptive methods are means that prevent and reduce the possibility of fertilization or pregnancy, being objects or procedures that allow better birth control and giving autonomy to people to decide when to have a child. The aim of this study is to describe the use of contraceptive methods in an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian highlands. The methodology has a quantitative approach, observational design and comparative scope. The population is made up of the inhabitants of an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian highlands; A sample of 202 inhabitants was obtained, to whom a questionnaire was applied that collected sociodemographic information, knowledge, use and disengagement with contraceptive methods. The results show that the inhabitants have little knowledge about the subject (89.6%). It is also identified that the most used method is the condom (36.1%). Regarding the abandonment of contraceptive use, they indicate that lack of time and disagreement with their partners are primary factors for their abandonment. In conclusion, this study provides information on the knowledge and use of contraceptive methods in an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian highlands. These findings are consistent with the challenges and patterns observed in previous studies in other indigenous communities and provide valuable information for the design of education programs and access to contraceptive methods in this population.Item SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD EN MUJERES EN EDAD FÉRTIL QUE USAN ANTICONCEPTIVOS EN EL CANTÓN SALCEDO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Vasco Atiaja, Dayana Belén; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo AndrésThe use of hormonal contraceptives is involved in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age, after prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives. The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between the prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age who use hormonal contraceptives in the Salcedo Canton of the Cemoplaf center, by means of anthropometric and dietary assessment and level of physical activity. By means of an observational, descriptive case-control study of 90 women, of whom 45 used contraceptives for more than 1 year, and 45 participants did not use contraceptive methods. To identify the characteristics of the population we used age, occupation, whether contraceptive methods were used, type and time of use, on the other hand, for the anthropometric assessment we used the Body Mass Index, cardiovascular risk, muscular area and fat area of the arm, for the dietary assessment and level of physical activity we used two questionnaires, the frequency of consumption according to the IASE healthy eating index and the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). The results showed that 27.8% of the women who use contraceptives are overweight, 6.6% are obese, while 30.0% of the participants who do not use contraceptives are at an adequate weight. Cardiovascular risk is higher in women who use contraceptives with 24.4%, the diet index does not show a significance with the use of methods while the level of physical activity shows a significance of p=0.002. Therefore, the use of hormonal contraceptives over a period of time greater than 1 year is related to overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age, in the same way eating habits and the level of physical activity are involved in the development of these pathologies.Item Determinantes en la falta de control de natalidad y la presencia de embarazos no deseados en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Zurita Aldas, Lissette Maricela Md.; Bustillos Solórzano, Marcos Edisson Md. Esp.Birth control is any medication or instrument action that can be used to prevent pregnancy which can be influenced by different factors, triggering unwanted pregnancies. The present study aims to analyze the determinants of the lack of birth control and the presence of unwanted pregnancies at the first level of care, through a qualitative study based on hermeneutic phenomenology, with a total of 81 participants. Prior informed consent, a semi-structured interview analyzed using Excel software was applied, which allows the reduction of information, transformation, and interpretation through content analysis. Among the determinants found, the social ones stand out, such as having a family relationship of cohabitation, low economic level, housework, secondary level, counseling received by their partners and the behavioral characteristics are the use of modern and natural methods, mainly interrupted coitus, erroneous beliefs and beginning of sexual experiences in adolescence. Concluding that the culture of birth control is present in the population by showing that 72% have used some method to avoid getting pregnant, however, social factors such as low economic resources, low level of education, rural population, empirical advice by their partners, creates barriers to the correct use and accessibility of methods with subsequent unwanted pregnancies.Item Aspectos socioculturales en la elección del método anticonceptivo en población rural(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) López Pinta, María José; Velastegui Pérez, Mariana Isabel Md. Esp.The main objective of this study was to determine the sociocultural aspects in the choice of contraceptive method in rural population. Family planning encompasses a series of care in relation to the sexual and reproductive health of the couple, focused on three different moments working with couples or users who are looking for a pregnancy or in turn wish to plan it, the next guiding family planning advice and lastly, support for couples with fertility problems. The methodology used was quantitative, bibliographic and descriptive, in terms of the sample was made up of 140 people, the same ones that are part of the population corresponding to the health unit met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results determined that 24.3% of the population does not seek a contraceptive method. 65.7% of those surveyed consider that religious or cultural beliefs did influence when deciding to use a contraceptive method. 62.9% stated that the way their partner participates in the choice of the contraceptive method is by mutual agreement. Regarding the factors of social or family pressure in their environment, 35.8% always or almost always influenced their decision and the customs of the community with 35.1% on the same scale referred to. It is concluded that the decisions are influenced at a medium level by the customs of the community, social and family pressure, as well as religion.