Ciencias de la Salud
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Item CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL ÁNGULO DE FASE EN PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS(2025-06-18) Camacho Barragán Sebastian Alejandro; Arteaga Almeida Cristina Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaIntroduction: The characterization of phase angle (PA), measured through bioelectrical impedance, is a key clinical marker in patients with diabetes mellitus, associated with muscle mass, adipose tissue, and visceral fat. It allows for analysis as a direct relational factor concerning tissue and cellular response capacity to chronic pathological factors. Objective: This study aims to apply descriptive statistics segmented by sex and age to obtain intervaltype control points for phase angle in correlation with metabolic complications. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis, evaluating phase angle in relation to body composition and metabolic complications arising from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: A total of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were evaluated through descriptive analysis and variance using the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, considering the components of phase angle (PA) in arms, legs, and trunk, broken down by sex. The classification of subjects revealed the presence of a group with normal PA values and another with decreased values. The relationship between metabolic complications and PA values was graphically illustrated, showing that the general PA had the highest correlation with these complications, followed by the trunk PA and the left arm PA. Discussion: This study evaluated the relationship between phase angle (PA) and metabolic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results indicated that there is no significant relationship between gender and PA values, suggesting that complications may develop independently of the patient's sex. A control interval for PA was established between 5 and 7 points; values below 5 were associated with inflammatory syndromes and metabolic complications. The general PA showed the highest correlation with complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, confirming its utility as a predictive marker, in line with previous research that suggests a low PA increases the risk of complications in this population. Conclusions: PA emerges as a key indicator for the identification and management of metabolic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus, providing opportunities to enhance clinical care in this population.Item SUPLEMENTACIÓN PROTEICA EN ADULTOS MAYORES, UNA FORMA DE PREVENIR LA SARCOPENIA(2025-06-18) Navarrete Chicaiza, Christopher Damián; Bonilla Veloz, Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaSarcopenia is a pathology that mainly affects older adults and is characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass, as well as the deterioration in the functionality and strength of body movements. This degenerative process is a natural consequence of aging, but is influenced by factors such as physical inactivity, poor diet and metabolic changes characteristic of aging. As time goes by, many people, especially older adults, tend to lead a more sedentary life due to physical limitations or health problems, which contributes to the development of this condition. Sarcopenia not only affects the ability to perform daily activities, but also increases the risk of falls, fractures and dependence on others to perform daily tasks. Nutritional supplementation plays a key role in the prevention and management of this condition. Adequate intake of protein, essential amino acids such as leucine, and other compounds such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids can help preserve muscle mass and improve motor function. These strategies allow older adults to maintain their independence for longer, improving their quality of life and reducing the negative impact of sarcopenia. In summary, a balanced diet in conjunction with appropriate supplementation may be key to slowing the muscle loss associated with aging.Item RELACIÓN DE LA INGESTA PROTEICA Y ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA CON SARCOPENIA EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE LA PARROQUIA MULALÓ DE LA CIUDAD DE LATACUNGA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Villamarín Avila, María Belén; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo AndrésThe study of sarcopenia syndrome in the elderly is considered of great importance because it is a disease that has a high prevalence, 50%, in the elderly and affects function, mobility, autonomy, and quality of life, so it is necessary to know how to treat and prevent it. The purpose of this study was to correlate protein intake and physical activity with sarcopenia in the elderly in Mulaló Parish, Latacunga City. This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitativequantitative approach. Anthropometric data were used to assess nutritional BMI status, while brachial circumference, triceps crease, dynamometry for muscle strength, and time up and go test for physical activity and mobility were used to diagnose sarcopenia, and protein intake was measured using a 24-hour recall. The population consisted of 52 elderly people of both sexes, of whom, according to their nutritional status, 11.5% were underweight, 55.8% had normal nutritional status, 21.3% were overweight and 9.6% were obese, 48.1% had a diagnosis of sarcopenia, 80.8% had poor physical performance and mobility, and 63.5% had low protein intake. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship with the syndrome of sarcopenia with a p value = 0.013, the greater the diminzi.Item Análisis de la composición corporal con relación al tipo de actividad física y consumo alimentario en jóvenes adultos de entre 18 – 25 años de una federación deportiva de la zona 3(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-01) Querido Santamaría, Jazmín Gabriela; Pasochoa Miniguano, Fausto Enrique Dr.Body Composition is of great importance in sports and health to estimate physical and nutritional status, thanks to which it has been possible to diagnose and prevent overweight, obesity and other diseases of cardiovascular and metabolic origin that drastically affect health. In the same way, healthy eating is closely related to the wellbeing of the organism. The objective of this research is to analyze the body composition in relation to the type of physical activity and food consumption in young adults between 18 - 25 years of a federation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 125 athletes from 5 disciplines (Athletics, Basketball, Soccer, Swimming and Taekwondo) of both sexes (91 men and 34 women). Food consumption was identified through a survey of eating habits in which the consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, proteins, dairy products and fast foods was evidenced. Weight, height, BMI, and percentages of lean and fat mass were also measured using a bioimpedance scale. The statistical analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS and it was shown that Soccer contributes to the maintenance of the musculature in the body but the most effective discipline for the generation of a greater amount of muscle mass in the body is Swimming. In the same way, food and knowing how to choose the food we consume is also a fundamental point that goes hand in hand with sport.