Ciencias de la Salud
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Item ASOCIACIÓN DE LOS GRUPOS SANGUÍNEOS ABO Y RHESUS A PATOLOGÍAS CRÓNICAS EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE LOS CENTROS GERONTOLÓGICOS VIDA A LOS AÑOS Y SAN JOAQUÍN(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-05) Pinto Demera, Maria de los Angeles; Pérez Laborde, Elena JohannaChronic diseases are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide; Blood groups, ABO and Rh, are biological variables capable of influencing susceptibility to these diseases. The main objective of this research is to relate the ABO and Rh system to the chronic diseases suffered by the residents of the “Vida a los Años” and “San Joaquín” Gerontolog i c al Centers, in the period March – April 2024. The population is made up of 75 older adults belonging to these geriatric centers, the tube agglutination test was used to observe the reaction of the different whole blood samples of the patients, in addition a checklist was applied to their medical records to collect their data and thus Previous and current chronic pathologies were identified and recorded. Of the 75 samples, 46 belong to group O, 19 to group B and 10 to group A, all of which had a positive Rh factor. In determining the association between the variables, a positive correlation was considered between patients with blood type A+ and the development of osteoporosis, with a p value of 0.024 (binary logistic regression), blood group B+ and type 2 diabetes mellitus. with a p value p 0.001 (binary logistic regression), and O+ blood group and arterial hypertension with a p value p 0.05 (binary logistic regression). It was concluded that the ABO and Rh system is related to three chronic diseases already diagnosed among residents of gerontological centers, which were osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure.Item OSTEOPOROSIS POR DÉFICIT DE VITAMINA D(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Pacheco Chingo, Jhoselyn Vanesa; Recalde Navarrete, Ricardo JavierAround the world, approximately 9 million people suffer at least one fracture due to osteoporosis, which makes it one of the main public health problems because it is associated with high costs, job losses and lower quality of life. Osteoporosis is a chronic and silent disease that is characterized by loss of bone mass, lower muscle resistance and increased risk of fractures and, although it is prevalent in women, it also affects men. In Ecuador, 19% of adults over the age of 65 suffer from osteoporosis. This pathology is of multifactorial origin, with vitamin D deficiency being an important cause, since it is involved in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, useful elements for bone formation. For this reason, it is essential to establish preventive measures focused on this area to reduce the appearance of the pathology and its consequences.Item “Prevalencia de patologías de origen musculoesquelético en la ciudad de Ambato durante el período agosto 2015 – agosto 2016.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Terapia Física, 2017-10-01) Barahona Pozo, Estefanía Carolina; Naranjo Reino, María Teresa Lcda.The present research Word aims to establish the prevalence or the musculoeskeletal Pathologies in the public and private health units of Canton Ambato, during August 2015 to August 2016. The variables will be analyzed in order to be able to determine the Pathologies found in the Canton Ambato, so that they can be classified according to their frequency and according to their age and sex. This research was carried out in the different public and private health units that were located within the canton Ambato and its parishes, and in all that met the inclusion requirements. The information obtained will be organized and classified according to the percentage of patients seen in the different health institutions. According to the simple investigated, information was analyzed and processed, and it was concluded that Pathologies related to the spine are the most frequent and attended in the public and private health units of Canton Ambato.Item Determinación de la Vitamina D y los Factores Predisponentes para desencadenar Osteoporosis en mujeres Post-Menopáusicas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-09-01) Núñez Collantes, María Elena; Cárdenas Ponce, Jorge Luis Med.Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by the global nature deterioration of bone micro architecture of human body. Given the importance of health, one of my goals was to find the relationship between the values of vitamin D with osteoporosis and be able to identify the factors that may contribute to the onset of the disease, from the post-menopause. For the implementation of this project it was compulsory to apply a survey in order to identify the main predisposing factors, and determine the values of vitamin D by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay test (ECLIA). A descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study, where 40 women were analyzed samples of postmenopausal immunoassay by applying the method for determining electrochemiluminescence levels 25.hidroxivitamina D. The results indicate that the main predisposing factors are vitamin D intake low, the sedentary lifestyle, high intake of alcohol and caffeine as principal. According to serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, results indicate that 37.5% of vitamin D levels were within normal, 47.5% showed a moderate deficient level, while 15% present deficient levels. According to the study applied to the patients who had deficient levels, it was discovered that most of them had osteopenia and osteoporosis and indicated the deficient intake of vitamin D. The serum concentration of vitamin D is not a parameter that can be used directly to diagnose osteoporosis, because there is a single test that serves to it as is the bone densitometry. However, the levels of vitamin D together with calcium, are very important for the doctor to collectively predict with clinical osteoporosis patient. We talk about osteopenia or osteoporosis because the patient with osteopenia or osteoporosis usually has low or deficient 25.hydroxyvitamin D. The importance of evaluating vitamin D in postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis is a pillar of great importance in the treatment accompanied with calcium recommended by the doctor. The methodology was done in the clinical laboratory of the General Hospital of Latacunga, there were 40 post-menopausal patients, and through verification of bone densitometry, it was determined that there were women apparently healthy, or had osteopenia or osteoporosis, and with the analysis of vitamin D we concluded that in most postmenopausal patients vitamin D is low.