Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.SALUD MATERNO-INFANTIL

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    PREVENCIÓN DE LA DESNUTRICIÓN INFANTILY EDUCACIÓN SOBRE LOS HÁBITOS ALIMENTICIOS EN LAS MADRES
    (2025-06-17) Juela Tiban, Erika Vanessa; Chileno Camacho, Luis Felipe; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Childhood malnutrition remains a significant public health problem, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This systematic review examines the prevention of childhood malnutrition and education on maternal dietary habits. Objective: To analyze the available literature on interventions to prevent childhood chronic malnutrition, with an emphasis on maternal nutritional education during pregnancy and the first years of the child's life. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Scielo, and PubMed. Review articles published between 2019 and 2024, in English and Spanish, that addressed the prevention of childhood malnutrition and maternal dietary education were included. Primary studies and publications not freely accessible were excluded. Results: Educational interventions targeting mothers are shown to have a significant impact on improving child nutritional status. However, the mere provision of knowledge is not sufficient to achieve sustainable changes. Additional barriers such as cultural beliefs, maternal workload, and food insecurity were identified. Women's empowerment and comprehensive community-based interventions emerged as key factors for improving child nutrition. Conclusion: Effective prevention of child malnutrition requires a comprehensive approach that addresses multiple determinants, including social and economic aspects. Maternal nutrition education is crucial, but must be accompanied by strategies that overcome practical and cultural barriers. More high-quality research is needed to assess the long-term effectiveness of interventions and guide the development of evidence-based policies.
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    REVISIÓN DEL MANEJO ACTUAL DEL PARTO EUTÓCICO CLÍNICO VS EL PARTO EUTÓCICO ANCESTRAL
    (2025-06-13) Pico Solís, Vanessa Monserrath; Freire Montesdeoca, Jessica Mariana; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
    Introduction: Until not so long ago, the birth of a child was a family and community event that usually took place at home, with the protection and help of other trained women. Early civilisations added innumerable cultural meanings to this event that have undergone various transformations over the generations. Objective: To identify the management, risks and complications of clinical euthyroid birth vs. ancestral euthyroid birth. Methodology: The review proposes an investigation through a documentary analysis, under the observational-analytical technique, in articles from the last 5 years. Results: The government, together with the Ministry of Health and the entire medical field, has sought to implement ‘humanised childbirth’ in order to maintain safe maternal-fetal harmony. Conclusion: It is important to identify the risks of maternal and infant mortality associated with ancestral birth and to design interventions that promote safe and evidence-based practices.