Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.TERAPÉUTICA

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    EFECTOS DEL USO DE LA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA TIPO A EN LA HIPERHIDROSIS: UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-25) Meneses Guaman, Kevin Alexander; Salinas Velastegui, Verónica Gabriela
    The hyperhidrosis is a condition that causes excessive sweating unrelated to physical activity or body temperature, affecting the quality of life, generating physical discomfort and social isolation for those who suffer from it. It is classified as primary focal, located in: armpits, hands, feet and face, with no apparent cause although attributed to hyperactivity of the sweat glands, and secondary, caused by underlying diseases. Therapeutic management depends on its severity and includes antiperspirants, medications, non-invasive techniques such as iontophoresis, especially botulinum toxin type A (TB-A), effective for severe cases or those resistant to other treatments and which is the subject of this review, and surgery. last option for extreme cases. As for TB-A, it is a neurotoxin that blocks the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates sweat glands, so it is applied through injections in the affected area. Visible effects occur between 2 and 4 days, with an average duration of the effect of 4 to 8 months. Adverse reactions are generally mild, it is contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, allergy to TB-A and neuromuscular diseases. The main objective is to analyze the most recent aspects in the use of botulinum toxin type A (TB-A) in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Materials: systematic bibliographic review of documents from societies, journals and scientific studies in the field of dermatology, related to non-surgical therapy of hyperhidrosis and oriented to the use of botulinum toxin type A (TB-A). Regarding the results, we can indicate that the application of TB-A is considered a safe treatment for hyperhidrosis. Conclusion: the use of botulinum toxin type A is a good treatment for hyperhidrosis, however its treatment is temporary.
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    Proyecto de intervención al uso de antibióticos en pacientes adultos del servicio de hospitalización del Hospital Básico el Puyo.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrado, 2022-09-01) Défaz Miranda, Silvana Marisol, Lcda.; Inca Torres, Alberto Renato, BqF. PhD
    The inappropriate and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, the poor control of nosocomial infections increases the development of resistance mechanisms, reducing therapeutic possibilities and increasing hospital stay. Infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost of treatment, triggering the appearance of outbreaks at the hospital level. Due to this, in the present study it was proposed to rationalize the adequate use of antibiotics in the Puyo Basic Hospital in adult patients. This was done using a scientific methodology with a quantitative and quasi- experimental approach, through which the database was reviewed in the SPSS program and the entire population of hospitalized patients aged between 20 and 40 years was studied in a period of January until June 2021. It was obtained that Staphylococcus presents resistance against the antibiotic oxacillin with 76.2%. 100% of Gram-negative microorganisms are resistant to ampicillin, 88.8% are resistant to ampicillin sulbactam, 77.8% are resistant to cephalothin and 61.1% are resistant to sulfatrimetropim. Escherichia coli 27.7% are ESBL-producing bacteria. Finally, the factors that predispose to the inappropriate use of antibiotics were evaluated, it was proposed to adopt timely corrective measures, especially in those antibiotics that exceed 30% in relation to resistance.
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    Factores de no adherencia terapeutica al tarv(terapia anti retroviral) en pacientes con sindrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (VIH/sida)
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Paredes Illanes, Lesly Vanesa; Quishpe Jara, Graciela de las Mercedes Lcda. Mg.
    Introduction: HIV is the acquired immunodeficiency virus for which there is still no cure, but whose most successful treatment is ART, which has achieved a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality from this cause when administered properly and in a timely manner. Objective: To analyse the factors of nonadherence to ART (Anti-Retroviral Therapy) in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Methods: A systematic review of scientific articles and publications directly related to the subject of study was carried out, in the period 2015-2020, in databases such as: VHL, LILACS, PUBMED, MEDIGRAPHIC, MEDLINE, ELSEVIER, SCIELO, through descriptors such as: "HIV", "AIDS", "ASSOCIATED FACTORS", "NON-ADHERENCE", "TREATMENT". Results: The articles selected for the development of the systematic review were 41, which were selected from a total of 240 reported in the different databases in the period October-November 2020. Most of the articles agree that the main factors for the lack of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in patients infected with HIV/AIDS are personal and health-related. Conclusions: The factors for non-adherence to ART are varied as they depend on intrinsic and extrinsic elements but they must be addressed because non-adherence to treatment can trigger repercussions such as: a greater number of opportunistic diseases and complications related to the start of treatment, a lesser response to antiretroviral treatment, low life expectancy and a greater risk of the spread of the disease.
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    Factores que Influyen sobre la Adherencia Terapéutica en la Hipertensión Arterial, Parroquia San Andrés
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Mayra Alexandra Md., Chiluiza Ramírez; Salvador, Vidal Revé Dr. Esp.
    Background: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatment
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    Factores que influyen sobre la adherencia terapéutica en la hipertensión arterial, Parroquia San Andrés
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Chiluiza Ramírez, Mayra Alexandra Md.; Salvador Dr. Esp, Vidal Revé
    Background: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatment