Ciencias de la Salud
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Item COINFECCIONES VIRALES RESPIRATORIAS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE SARS COV-2, VIRUS DE LA INFLUENZA, VIRUS RESPIRATORIO SINCITIAL(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Pérez Morales, Vanessa Mishelle; Recalde Navarrete, Ricardo JavierIntroduction: Respiratory diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the general population, but it affects older adults, children and immunocompromised people to a greater extent, with viruses being responsible for 80% of these infections. Studies have shown that influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus are the most commonly identified agents. Since 2019 with the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the world's population has undergone great changes, with thousands of infections, deaths and economic losses. Methods: A systematic electronic search of articles published from 2018 to July 2023 was carried out in the databases PubMed, Springer Scielo, ELSEVIER, Google Scholar. Descriptive, retrospective, prospective, observational, meta-analysis, original articles were chosen, which provided statistical information, for their search keywords such as: COVID 1, co-infection, respiratory co-infection, SARS Cov-2 infection, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus. Results: With the literature review, 552 articles were obtained, of which only 73 were chosen according to the eligibility criteria, excluding 52, with a total result of 21 scientific articles. Conclusions: The present systematic review provides evidence on the presence of viral respiratory co-infections in SARS COV-2 positive patients, although the incidence of COVID-19 remains high, the prevalence of respiratory viral co-infections is relatively low. Global infection control measures may have contributed to reducing the circulation of respiratory viruses.Item Método luz y sombra como herramienta para estimular el área cognitiva en un paciente con encefalitis de 4 años de edad(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2021-04-01) Chico Farinango, Liseth Estefania; Garófalo Espinel, Ana Cristina Dra.The present research work aims to determine the benefits of the light and shadow method in the cognitive area of a patient with encephalitis; this being a qualitative research, the characteristics of the disease and the complications that occur in the cognitive area are described. Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain parenchyma, caused by different viruses. The present case was diagnosed in a 4-year-old male patient, with impaired cognitive area, the Infant Neuropsychological Maturity Questionnaire (CUMANIN) was applied, resulting in a deficit in cognitive functions, the need for look for a method that allows you to rehabilitate, the natural benefits of sunlight are detailed, as well as artificial light that allows us to improve the patient's quality of life, with each activity proposed in the treatment plan, working on cognitive functions such as : attention, memory, agreement, thought, expressive, comprehensive and articulatory language, visual perception, spatial structuring and even psychomotor skills, taking each of the scales evaluated as a reference.Item “Herpes simple tipo 2 (vhs2) en lesiones displásicas de cuello uterino en mujeres de la provincia de Tungurahua.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2018-05-01) Basantes Ruiz, Katty Maricela; Carrero Castillo PhD., Yenddy NayghitThe cancer of uterine neck (CaCu) is a problem of public health worldwide, being the second reason of death in the alive women sexually active. Several factors have been described predisposing related by the genesis of the cancer as like: beginning of sexual relations to early age, the consumption of alcohol, the smoking, promiscuity, multiparity, long use of oral contraceptives, metabolic disorders and infections of sexual transmission like the HVP and HVS2. The lens of the investigation(research) was molecular detection of the Virus realized Simple Herpes type 2 (VHS2) in injuries displásicas of uterine neck in women of Tungurahua's Province. The population was constituted by 250 patients who came to the Hospital of SOLCA - Ambato and in the Center of Health of Pilahuin's Vicarage, of which there were selected 94 patients who fulfilled the criteria of incorporation and exclusion.To every patient a clinical history and an assent was elaborated informed to take part in the study, as well as a physical examination and colposcópico where it was obtained exuded cervical by a citobrush for the molecular detection by PCR. The obtained results indicate that there does not exist a high incident of HVS2 in the population of Tungurahua since only 1,6 % of the cases was positive, of equal way several factors of risk were identified as multiple sexual companions, beginning of sexual relations at the age of 15, sexual relations of genital type and orogenital which related to the injuries displásicas of uterine neck.Item “VIH más enfermedades añadidas orientadas con la atención de enfermería”(2017-09-01) Paredes Rodríguez, Gabriela Alexandra; Gavilanes Fray, Verónica del Pilar Lcdo. Esp.HIV / AIDS is a major medical, political and social concern, it is considered a public health problem, the number of cases has increased, the majority of the population that 15-49 years of age, which is a major health issue, the MSP plans to intensify HIV prevention among young people, transgender people, persons deprived of their liberty and sex workers in addition to eliminating stigma And discrimination based on sexual orientation, sex work, gender status, or living with HIV, the present case analysis presents a 36-year-old male, unmarried, childless patient who has been diagnosed with HIV A year ago, for which he has been admitted for 4 times to health care homes, the last time he was admitted to the REGIONAL TEACHING AMBATO hospital because of a referral from the center E salud THE MILAGROSA MEDAL for anemia, dehydration, oral candidiasis and HIV already diagnosed for which treatment was received, control after two days was discharged and receives control by external consultation. At present his state of health is in balance, attends periodically to the health center for their respective controls, there have been some health problems that have been treated and are response to the deficiency of his immune system, his emotional state is In constant changes because he does not have the support he needs. AIDS is the final stage of a chronic, transmissible progressive disease of viral cause in which a very diverse relationship is established between the host and the virus as the immunodeficiency progresses and the higher the virus replication will appear opportunistic diseases. During the investigation it was evidenced that the patient has an emotional state deteriorated by the disease that presents, in which different critical points were identified, risk factors that contributed to the appearance of new inconveniences that deteriorate their health day by day through the bibliographic review From different sources, interview and analysis of the clinical history, it has been possible to improve their average life style and the realization of a guide that presents the care that the patient must take. The guide designed for patients with HIV in which hierarchizes the needs they present, while helping to establish a balanced lifestyle, the development of a scientific article that will help identify the most frequent opportunistic diseases or infections in patients with HIV positive.Item “Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (vih) y sus complicaciones enfocados con los cuidados de enfermería”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermeria, 2017-04-01) Ramírez Correa, Nora Geoconda; Ramírez Gavilanes, Gloria Isabel Lic.This analysis discusses Case Study Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and its complications. The HIV virus early dates from the 80s, when several cases of pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma, a variant of skin cancer are detected. The fact that these cases take place mostly in homosexual patients with other chronic diseases, led to a more thorough investigation which concluded with a similar lack in all of them, of a type of blood cell. These history of the disease, through alternative infections, make us see the ability of HIV to destroy the immune systems of infected, with the consequent development of infections of various kinds, reaching to become chronic which currently HIV It is considered a chronic disease and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, therefore the health system should direct their actions to address the implications that these generate. This work is detailed information on a patient of 37 years old, who suffers from weight loss, frequent respiratory problems, gastroenteric that gradually progressing reason that comes to health services for further assessment throwing the following diagnoses: B24, Tachycardia sinus, Tuberculosis, Lymph Node. To follow the objectives a guide based on the basic needs of the patient aimed at improving their lifestyle is made.Item Carcinoma Epidermoide de Pene(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Solano Peña, Gabriela Alexandra; Guacho Guacho, Juan Sebastián Dr. ESPPenile cancer is a disease that may go unnoticed or be of little importance to their signs or early symptoms, causing misdiagnosis and extending the proper care and treatment. Risk factors such as low socioeconomic status, very poor hygiene habits, phimosis, and multiple sexual partners associated with sexually transmitted infections, especially human papillomavirus (HPV), contribute to the development of the disease. Penis epidermoid carcinoma can be cured by more than 80% of all cases, however, it is a life-threatening disease with a poor prognosis once metastatic spread has occurred. Local treatment can potentially lifesaving, but it is crippling and devastating for the psychological well-being of the patient; therefore behavior in patients with penile cancer requires early diagnosis and accurate staging before taking decisions. This case is about an elderly patient with a history of promiscuity, poor genital hygiene, socioeconomic environment under which attends consultation Urology tumor in glans of 4 years of evolution, biopsy is performed with histopathology reporting carcinoma epidermoid penis, and definitive treatment consisted of partial surgical removal of the member.Item Calidad de la atención al Paciente con Vih en el Nivel Primario de Salud(2016-10-01) Morales Stacey, Evelin Tamara; Mullo Guaminga, Guido Edgar Dr. Esp.HIV / AIDS is the set of immunologic and virologic phenomena that develop from the time a person becomes infected until viremia and count in peripheral blood CD4 stabilize. The set of signs and symptoms that may occur during the primary infection (PI) is known as acute retroviral syndrome (SRA), cousin symptomatic infection or acute HIV infection / AIDS. The primary infection is followed by a long period usually clinically silent, known as asymptomatic phase. The most common symptoms are fever, maculopapular rash, mouth ulcers, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia, pharyngitis, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, and myalgias lymphocytic meningitis. The greater or lesser severity of this process has implications with unfavorable prognosis, so that patients with more intense and longer clinical symptoms progression of HIV / AIDS tends to be faster. Male patient 32 years of age, black race, security guard occupation, marital status cohabiting, born in Quito and resident Puyo - Pastaza 10 years ago, go to the health center for a year and a half presenting unquantified fever, coughing color greenish diarrhea accompanied by several times about 8 days ago evolution. Physical examination: oral mucous oropharynx semihumid, congestive, purulent, so Tonsillopharyngitis prescribing doctor diagnosed as antibiotic therapy and sends perform additional tests, among them VDRL and HIV / AIDS (rapid test). Following this patient comes to health center at 3 days, where reported results of reactive VDRL and HIV / AIDS (rapid test) positive, for which physician indicates that send reference to Hospital General Puyo and must first end their treatment for diagnostic Tonsillopharyngitis. Patient comes to health center within 15 days, indicating that goes by reference to the hospital in question, where they indicate that the attending physician days ago no longer works in that health unit, because there was change of rural doctor established by the Ministry Public Health, so agendan turn with new doctor; patient reports in consultation persisting with diarrheal symptoms without apparent cause more weight loss and mentioned that he was going to make reference to the Hospital General Puyo for diagnosis of HIV / AIDS (rapid test), this health area is treated with antibiotic therapy more antiparasitic. Physical examination: Blood pressure: 106/60 mm / Hg, heart rate: 70 beats per minute, Respiration Rate: 20 breaths per minute, Weight 63 kg Height: 1.63 meters, BMI 23.7 kg / m2, skin: normal, oropharynx: no oral mucosal congestive semihumid, heart rhythm, no murmurs, lungs breath sounds preserved, not superadded noise, abdomen soft, depressible, painless to superficial or deep palpation, lymph nodes: BTE lymphadenopathy. Therefore reference is made by the clinic antecedent diagnosis of HIV / AIDS (rapid test) positive at the General Hospital Puyo; where it is consulted, adequate assessment of the background especially sex life finding risk factors is done to sexually transmitted infections, so rapid test is performed (chromatography) on two occasions for HIV / AIDS positive result. Following this request to the Confirmatory test (WESTERN BLOT), where positive research reports antibody against HIV / AIDS. Operation is initiated to determine treatment and when the treatment antirrretroviral patient.Item Neumonía Atípica de Focos Múltiples(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Pila Herrera, Luis Xavier; Villacís Valencia, Sandra Elizabeth Dra. Esp.Pneumonia is an inflammatory response of the lung parenchyma to the arrival of microorganisms to the distal airway of immunocompetent persons who have not been admitted. The term atypical pneumonia describes the unusual manifestation of pneumonia; it is characterized by respiratory symptoms, fever and radiological findings. Their common origin are bacteria and viruses, difficult to differentiate clinically varies by age group and the likely site where the infection was acquired. It is described as pneumonia caused by a group of relatively common pathogens (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Legionella spp and some viruses). Globally, it has high morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients and those with significant comorbidities. Patient of 51-year-old with negative personal medical history. Go to present 3 days ago about before admission abdominal pain localized level epigastric, stabbing type, which worsens with breathing, mild to moderate intensity that radiates to right costal margin accompanied by malaise, asthenia, hyporexia by what comes to physician for evaluation who imaging test indicates being in the chest radiograph and bilateral interstitial alveolar infiltrates predominantly right who said income from patient to hospital for therapeutic management. Conscious, oriented, hydrated, no fever patient, Glaswegian 15/15, 80% oxygen saturation Head; normocephalic, Oral Mucous; wet, oropharynx; no failure, Neck: symmetrical, assets and liabilities retained movements, lymphadenopathy, heart; rhythmic heart sounds, no murmurs, Thorax: symmetrical, expandability decreased, mild tenderness level right costal margin, Lung Bilateral crackles basal predominantly right abdomen; depressible soft mild tenderness epigastric level, Tips; symmetrical, no edema, pulses present, filled capillary 2 seconds.Item Pancitopenia Inducida por Virus en la Edad Pediátrica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Urrutia Miranda, Jéssica Paola; Paredes Lascano, Patricia Lorena Dra. Msc.Pancytopenia despite being a rare analytical finding, is one of the most important clinical-hematological diseases in current clinical practice because of the complications involved. Possible causes of pancytopenia are very diverse, ranging from mild infections to life-threatening conditions, such as aplastic anemia and some cancers. This requires a diagnosis study immediately to rule out serious pathology. Because of the diverse etiology that can produce pancytopenia, a differential diagnosis thorough is essential to avoid diagnostic mystakes. For this reason show the case of a female patient of 5 years 11 months, born and resident in Latacunga, Ecuador is presented. No clinical, surgical or family history of importance. Which came by non-specific symptoms such as unquantified thermal hikes, moderate epistaxis and petechiae scattered throughout his body 36 hours of evolution, additional tests to find significant sharp decline in hematologic values. No immediate treatment is started up studies. Hematologic values of the 3 cell lines were still declining, due to persistent upper respiratory symptoms, negativization of all antibodies requested and finding lymphocytosis in all biometry performed prophylactic antibiotic treatment is initiated, by the hemoglobin value transfusion of two packages is decided globular and interconsultation to hematology, it is delayed for lack of hematologist at the hospital scheme is maintained and the fifth day of index hospitalization hematologic begin to normalize, no signs of active bleeding evidenced by what is categorized as pancytopenia induced virus, communicate by telephone with hematologist hospital unit tertiary who upon learning of the progress of the case does not recommend performing bone marrow aspiration and suggests continuing with the proposed scheme, which patient evolves favorably and is discharged with controls later.Item Hepatitis Colestásica Secundaria a Virus de la Hepatitis A(2016-10-01) Ulloa Pilliza, Gabriela Carolina; López Ulloa, Mario Orlando Dr. Esp.Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV). This is mainly transmitted when an uninfected person (not vaccinated) eat or something contaminated by feces of an infected person drinks virus. The disease is closely associated with the lack of clean water, poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene. This disease has different clinical spectrum, ranging from the anictérica form, cholestatic and fulminant form. Worldwide they are presented annually between 80 and 100 million cases, and about 40% of the population lives in areas at risk for hepatitis. This clinical case corresponds to a male patient, 22 years old, with a history of sibling with Hepatitis A 1 month, does not refer transfusions or performing any tattoo on his body, who eight days ago has widespread jaundiced and abdominal pain mild located in mesogastrio and nausea that do not reach vomiting. Health Subcentro goes to where he is valued and decide to transfer to study jaundice. In the Emergency Service he is valued and physical examination as an important moment jaundice but without abdominal pain or hepatomegaly. Additional tests are performed demonstrating elevation of total bilirubin at the expense of direct bilirubin, elevated transaminases and serology for hepatitis virus A, B, and C negative. Abdominal ultrasound is observed Choledochal not dilated or some obstructive cause, and admission to the Department of General Surgery is decided by apparent cholestatic box without discarding box Obstructive origin and to carry out more tests image. Is subsequently evaluated by the Gastroenterology considering that the patient has characteristic jaundice of cholestatic hepatitis, so applying Anticore and immunoglobulins M and G, in which after completion HAV IgM positive is observed, reaching the conclusion that the jaundice present the patient was a characteristic of a Hepatitis a cholestatic.