Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Chinintahua parroquia de San Andrés, cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Rodas Segarra, Pablo Junior; Castro Solorzano, Fidel AlbertoThe main problem in society is water contamination, for this reason, in the present experimental work information was presented to determine the operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant located in the San Miguel de Chinintahua sector, said information gave to know if throughout its useful life the efficiency in the removal of contaminants within the wastewater has decreased or has been maintained. First, a topographical survey was carried out, in which all the hydraulic units were dimensioned; The measurement of the inlet and outlet flows of the WWTP was carried out by means of the volumetric method. Subsequent to this, composite samples were taken in the influent and effluent of the WWTP and a characterization analysis was carried out; then, the results were compared with the current regulations (TULSMA 2015), and the levels of pH, COD, BOD5, ST, SST, TDS that are below the limits allowed for the discharge of wastewater in bodies of water were obtained. sweet. A visual diagnosis was made to each hydraulic unit to detect failures that affect the treatment of wastewater. Finally, an operation and maintenance manual was implemented to comply with the correct operation of the WWTP, which included a metal cover for the sludge drying bed, and thus, increase the dewatering of residual sludge. Cleaning and maintenance measures were also incorporated for each hydraulic unit in the WWTP.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Jesús del Gran Poder de la parroquia Píllaro del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Galarza Mantilla, Elian Marcelo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoCurrently, one of the most important environmental problems and of great interest to society is wastewater without prior or adequate treatment, therefore, an experimental work was carried out to evaluate and determine whether the Wastewater Treatment Plant of the sector under study works optimally and meets the minimum parameters for removal of pollutants and pathogens. The evaluation of the WWTP was carried out with a field survey, in which the maximum inlet and outlet flow rates were determined, resulting in 1.27 lts/sec in the influent and 1.26 lts/sec in the effluent, in addition, the different hydraulic units were measured and diagnosed, responding correctly and complying with the parameters established in the design guides and manuals. With the results obtained, the physicochemical characteristics of the wastewater were analyzed, where it was verified that the basic parameters: pH, COD, BOD5, Suspended Solids and Total Solids comply with the established in the regulations, however there is the presence of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate that are not being removed, for which it is recommended the implementation of the species of Lechuguín "Eichhornia carssipes" in one of the upflow anaerobic filters, with the purpose of absorbing the excess nutrients through the roots of these plants. Finally, the use of an operation and maintenance plan and the implementation of a metal cover are recommended in order to better maintain the operation of the PTAR.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales comunidad Pilco parroquia Rumipamba, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Villacís Miranda, Marco Antonio; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioThe present evaluation project was carried out to the Wastewater Treatment Plant of the sector under study, built in 2015, with the objective of verifying its efficient, adequate and quality operation in the treatment of wastewater. The technical-theoretical verification of the dimensions and physical elements of each of the units that make up the WWTP was performed, finding oversizing in the septic tank. With respect to the decontamination train, simple and composite samples were taken in situ to determine the physicochemical aspects of the wastewater entering and leaving the WWTP, these being indicators of the percentage of pollutant removal efficiency, the following being the highest pollutant load and non-compliance with the TULSMA 2015 regulations: BOD5, COD, Ammonia Nitrogen and Sulfides. In the land where the WWTP is located, an improvement plan was implemented for the conservation of the treatment units with maintenance, cleaning, and safety elements such as fences and signage. In addition, the construction of a metal structure cover is proposed to improve the processes in the sludge drying bed. In conclusion, to improve the efficiency of the Pilco community’s WWTP, it is necessary to carry out adequate maintenance, with the necessary frequency, on each of the treatment units, with the septic tank being the one most in need of control because it is oversized and poorly operated. This produces high emissions of pollutants into the water and the environment.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector La Merced de la parroquia Píllaro perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Amaguaña Moreta, Ronald Fabricio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoAn experimental study was carried out with the objective of determining whether the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is functioning adequately or whether its effectiveness in removing pollutants has decreased throughout its useful life. The evaluation of the WWTP began with the collection of information on the dimensions of the hydraulic units and the plant's inlet and outlet flow rates. Water samples were taken at the inlet and outlet of the WWTP and analyzed in an authorized laboratory. The results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the BOD5 and COD levels exceeded the limits allowed for wastewater discharge into freshwater bodies. Subsequently, each hydraulic unit was diagnosed and it was determined that they comply with the parameters established in the design guidelines and manuals for wastewater treatment plants. Finally, it is suggested to implement an operation and maintenance plan to guarantee the correct operation of the WWTP, which includes the implementation of a cover for the sludge drying bed and measures for each hydraulic unit.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector García Moreno de la parroquia Marcos Espinel, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Guevara Guzmán, Daniel Alejandro; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoIn the present experimental work, the evaluation of the treatment plant located in García Moreno community of Píllaro was carried out with the objective of determining if the treated water that is discharged to the Cununlivi stream from the WWTP complies with the regulations established in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA 2015). The work contemplated the gathering of information from the sector where the WWTP is currently located, the identification and measurement of the hydraulic units of the current treatment train of the plant, the measurement of influent and effluent flows for a period of 30 days in a established schedule in order to obtain more precise data and thus carry out the sampling at the entrance and exit points of the WWTP for the analysis of the physical-chemical characteristics of the water. The results obtained verified that the parameters analyzed comply with what is established in the current regulations, however, the DBO5 parameter presented a value close to the limit, for which a technical diagnosis of the hydraulic units was carried out in comparison with various standards, guides and international regulations that determined the correct operation of the WWTP. Additionally, direct observation determined that a large part of the WWTP had deterioration in its structure, for which an operation and maintenance plan was proposed, which included several measures to be executed to prolong the useful life time and the proper functioning of the plant. plant.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Cardo Santo de la parroquia San Andrés perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Ortega Liquinchano, Oscar Vinicio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoAn experimental work was carried out with the objective of determining if the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is working properly or if its efficiency in the removal of pollutants has decreased throughout its useful life. The evaluation of the WWTP began with the collection of on-site information on the dimensions of the decontamination hydraulic units and the plant's inlet and outlet flow rates. Wastewater samples were taken at the inlet and outlet of the WWTP and a characterization analysis was performed in an authorized laboratory. The results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the levels of pH, COD, BOD5, Suspended Solids and Total Solids are under the maximum limits allowed for wastewater discharge into freshwater bodies. Subsequently, each hydraulic unit was diagnosed, determining that they comply with the parameters established in the design guidelines and manuals for wastewater treatment plants. Finally, it is suggested to implement an operation and maintenance plan to maintain and optimize the correct operation of the WWTP, which includes a cover for each sludge drying bed in order to increase its dehydration and final disposal of the residual sludge, in addition, it includes cleaning and care measures for each hydraulic decontamination unit.