Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Caracterización térmica, mecánica y microestructural de un material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra natural de banano y su posible aplicación industrial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) López Martínez, Erick Isaac; Valle Velasco, Pablo RaúlThis study investigated the feasibility of using natural banana fiber as reinforcement in a polymeric material made up of polyester resin. The banana fiber was obtained from waste produced from a banana plantation in Ecuador, making it an attractive option due to its easy availability, low cost, and low environmental impact. Three different volumetric proportions were established (80 matrix - 20 fiber, 70 matrix - 30 reinforcement and 60 matrix - 40 reinforcement) to identify the compound with the best mechanical behavior. Mechanical impact, hardness and abrasion tests were carried out, following the ASTM D5628-10, ASTM D2240-15 and ASTM G0195-13a standards, respectively. In addition, microstructure analysis was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and calorimetry with a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The results highlight that the composite material with a proportion of 70 percent polyester resin and 30 percent fiber showed the best mechanical properties, with impact energy values of 0.23J, hardness of 73.1 Shore D, abrasion index of 23.4 (mg/cycle) and a peak temperature of 113.88 degrees Celsius. Banana fiber represents a promising alternative as reinforcement in polyester resin composites, and the composite with the ratio of 70 percent matrix and 30 percent reinforcement demonstrated optimal mechanical behavior. These results have important potential applications in various industries, such as construction, automotive, and aeronautics.Item Determinación de la resistencia a compresión de ladrillos macizos fabricados con diferentes tipos de arcilla del cantón Pastaza y su comparación con el ladrillo común(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-07) Romero Coyago, Johanna Alexandra; Frías Torres, Alex XavierThe purpose of this experimental project is to determine the physical properties by means of the moisture absorption test and mechanical properties by means of the compressive and flexural strength tests of the solid artisan bricks, elaborating different batches with some of the clay soils that they are in the province of Pastaza. To carry it out, we proceeded to select three localities in the province of Pastaza and four clay soil samples were taken by carrying out the “Mud Tape” test in the field, in addition, Granulometry tests were carried out to determine its clay content and chemical tests To determine the percentage of silica since this component is one of the main components of clay, once the clay soils were collected, they were transferred to the Cunchibamba parish, Tungurahua province, for the proper manufacture of solid artisan bricks. In addition, specimens were chosen from three artisan brick kilns located in the Cunchibamba and Izamba parish and in the Píllaro Canton of the Tungurahua province. Once the specimens were subjected to laboratory tests, the processing, analysis, interpretation of results and comparison of the obtained values were carried out, thus determining the physical and mechanical properties of each of the batches. Consequently, 80 tests were obtained, determining as a result that the clay soil of Santa Clara is effective, as an additive to the traditional mixture that artisans make in their brickyards, since it significantly improves the quality of the final products.Item Análisis de soldabilidad del acero HSLA ASTM A1011 GR 50 y su incidencia en la fabricación de carrocerías metálicas para buses(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2019) Poveda Almeida, Welligton Vladimir; Yunapanta Velastegui, José LuisThis investigation carried out, based on the large number of companies that manufacture metal buses bodies, which exist in Ecuador, use welding as the main process, these performed the weldability analysis between the ASTM A500 Gr C steel and the HSLA ASTM A1011 Gr 50, to investigate their weldment behaviour of a section of the body structure, in which the type of joint, parameters and welding processes to be used were analyzed. In addition, his work was based in a bibliographic way, where several documents were found with which it was possible to base this research in a profound way, at the same time, chemical, mechanical and physical tests were carried out with the cooperation of the company VARMA S.A., with the laboratories of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato, the laboratories of the Salesian Polytechnic University and the Center for the Development of Carrocero Metallechanical Productivity, as well as every invaluable technical staff and human talent from each area, to determine the properties of each material by carrying out tests such as: penetrating liquids, metallography, hardness, tensile strength and impact, to finally compare the results and identify the incidence of each one on the manufacture of bodies. Finally, some mechanical properties of HSLA ASTM A1011 Gr 50 steel were obtained, which outperformed ASTM A500 Gr C steel, thus concluding that these results contribute to both business and country development.Item Diseño y construcción de un troquel de corte y perforado de platina metálica de espesor 1/8 de pulg. para la empresa ingeniería del acero y matricería en la ciudad de Ambato provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Pérez Pallo, Edgar Daniel; Pérez Salinas, Cristian FabiánThe main objective of this project is to develop a methodology for the design and construction of dies that perform cutting and punching operations. It also allows the reader to understand how the optimization criterion works, creating a model using the Finite Elements method that facilitates the cutting process and perforated for a metal plate that has 1/8 inch of thick. For which a series of mechanical Traction and Bending tests were carried out, using the ASTM E8-16a and ASTM E290-14 standards respectively, to determine the properties of AISI SAE D3 steel commercially known as BOHLER K 100, steel selected for construction of the die To carry out the optimization of the punching process, series of simulations were carried out using a Finite Element software to determine the geometry of the punches that produces the least possible cutting effort when these operations are carried out. The results obtained through the simulations carried out by alternating the geometry of the punches allowed to determine values of the shear stress produced, from which the lowest value obtained was selected, which represents a reduction of 62% in relation to the effort obtained when the operation was simulated whit any specific geometry of the drilling punch.Item Estudio de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma CuZnAl para determinar su aplicación industrial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel; Correa Jácome, Juan FranciscoEn el presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó cinco pruebas de fundición, hasta obtener una aleación con características de un material inteligente con memoria de forma CuZnAl, posteriormente se procedió a realizar ensayos químicos, mecánicos, y físicos para determinar sus propiedades y en función de estas se determinó su aplicación industrial, finalmente se plantea una propuesta de procedimiento para la obtención de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma 75%Cu - 18.71%Zn - 6.13%Al, calificada como superelástica, sugiriendo varias aplicaciones. Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación se contó con la colaboración de la Facultad de Mecánica de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, con sus laboratorios y asesoramiento de sus Docentes del Área de Materiales y Resistencia de Materiales.