Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis experimental de la capacidad filtrante de drenaje de los agregados pétreos provenientes de la Mina Mora, ubicada en la provincia de Tungurahua cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Galarza Chicaiza, Ludvin Daniel; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe study focuses on determining the permeability of course and fine aggregates, evaluating their potential use for applications in drainage systems. The permeability coefficient of the "Mina Mora" quarry was determined. Three phases were developed to help achieve the main objective of the project. The first phase, called exploratory, consisted of a visit to the quarry to collect essential information such as the georeferencing of the quarry and the obtaining of representative soil samples. In the second phase, the extracted soil was characterized using specific tests: natural moisture content, Atterberg limits, and granulometry. The soil was characterized according to the SUCS classification as a poorly graded sand (SP) and poorly graded sand with the presence of silt (SP-SM), presenting a low moisture content with an average of the samples of 1.98 percent and being a soil with zero plasticity in its majority. Finally, in the third phase, the experimental phase, the aim was to determine the permeability value of each of the samples, dividing them into coarse aggregate, sand, and silt. To find its permeability value, the constant load permeability test was chosen, using the Edibon brand Drainage Permeameter equipment. This equipment allowed us to obtain the permeability coefficient k (cm/s). As a result, it was obtained that the aggregates from the Mina Mora quarry are suitable for use in drainage works.Item Análisis experimental de la capacidad filtrante de drenaje de agregados pétreos provenientes de la cantera Playa Llagchoa y/o salvador, ubicada en el km7 vía a Aguaján, parroquia Santa Rosa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Andrade Álvarez, Karen Paola; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoIn the field of civil engineering, the filtering capacity of stone materials is of vital importance for the design and construction of efficient drainage works. The experimental work focused on investigating the permeability of the aggregates from the Llagchoa/Salvador Beach Quarry, located in the Tungurahua province. A survey of documentary information on the quarry was carried out and representative samples were collected for laboratory tests. Different tests were carried out to evaluate the physical properties, such as moisture content, Atterberg limits and granulometric analysis. Subsequently, by using a drainage permeameter with the constant head method, the permeability coefficient of each type of soil (gravel, sand, and silt) was obtained. The results indicated that the aggregates had a medium to high filtration capacity, with silt having the lowest permeability. Finally, the optimal drainage combination was sought, to estimate the filtration capacity of the soil, resulting in the most appropriate with a permeability coefficient of 4.06x10 raised to at least 2 (m/s) being the same permeable which makes it suitable for use in civil engineering projects related to drainage. This study provides valuable information for the design and construction of effective drainage systems, thus contributing to the development of more resistant and sustainable infrastructures, being useful for professionals in the field of engineering and for those interested in improving water management in civil works.Item Determinación de las características físicas de sustancias reactivas: carbón activado, piedra caliza, turba, de origen ecuatoriano para el tratamiento de agua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-04) Cabezas Tobar, Daniel Eduardo; Mayacela Rojas, Celia MargaritaThe present technical work has the purpose of provide information on the physical and chemical properties of substances of Ecuadorian origin for water treatment and the presentation of plans for a permeability measurement system. In the first place, a bibliographic research of the properties of actived carbon, limestone and peat because of these substances have been used for the water treatmet by filtration thanks their efficiency and lower cost in relation to conventional treatment systems such as screening and sedimentation. Laboratory tests were carried out following their respective regulations, which helped us to determine the granulometry, maximum nominal size of particles, coefficient of uniformity, coefficient of curvature, coefficient of compactness, porosity, sphericity and permeability. For the preparation of the permeameter plans, the AASHTO T 215 – 70 standard was followed, wich refers to permeability of granular soils, and the Autocad 2019 program was used both for presentation of plans and 3D modeling.Item Diseño y construcción de un filtro separador de grasas y eliminador de impurezas para la lavadora comercial de Autos Lubricar con una capacidad máxima de 15 metros cúbicos mensuales en la provincia de Tungurahua, cantón Ambato en el período 2018-2019(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Galarza Pérez, Alberto Javier; Escobar Luna, Luis EduardoThe present technical project is based on the calculation of the dimensions of the grease trap according to the water consumption registered by the Lubricar car washer meter, establishing the dimensioning of the inlet pipes to the trap and the outlet, for ensure a constant flow avoiding overflows and ensuring the proper functioning of the filter. The volume of consumption of the washing machine was determined by the exclusive water meter that has only to wash vehicles, with a monthly consumption of 15 cubic meters, because they have pumps that minimize the consumption of water to wash vehicles. For the sizing of the grease trap the formulas of the Standard are used: OPS / CEPIS. 2003 and Norma RAS., 2000. Title E.4.3., Pág. 28, where these base the measurements of length, width and height depending on your registered consumption. The dimensions of the containers for the filtering materials were based on the hydraulic delay necessary for each material to act. Peat, volcanic stone and activated carbon were chosen as filter elements, using the width of the grease trap the length of the container was calculated. The pipes used in the grease trap are drain pipes, since there is no pressure inside them. Therefore, only the gravity and height difference between the water inlet and outlet pipes are used, in order to circulate, filter and discharge to the sewer system.Item Diseño y construcción de un sistema de alta presión para la limpieza de bombas de inyección mediante desengrasante biodegradable en el laboratorio de bombas de inyección Ambadiesel(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Abril Pérez, Jonathan Hernán; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe present project was developed in the city of Ambato in the company "AMBADIESEL INJECTION PUMP LABORATORY", the interest of the company in the construction of the laying machine in the need to optimize times and reduce costs in the process Cleaning Equipment Parts For the design of the machine the various parameters are considered as the amount of the diameter-gasoline mixture is concerned in the cleaning and weight of different injection pumps, as well as pressure on any such injection pumps. This led to the design of the structure that blows the injection pumps, to continue with the selection of the pump that moves the fluid from the tank to the sprinklers that clean the injection pump. The sizing and checking of the strength of the structure was done by finite element analysis using the Solidworks software. The behavior of the fluid as well as the structure (velocities, flow rates) was performed using Solidworks software. The construction and installation of the machine are carried out at the company's premises with the economic resources, materials and human resources thereof.